Aged garlic extract attenuates gentamicin induced renal damage and oxidative stress in rats.
Abstract
Gentamicin (GM) is an antibiotic whose clinical use is limited by its nephrotoxicity. Experimental evidences suggest a role of reactive oxygen species in GM-induced nephrotoxicity. Therefore, we investigated if aged garlic extract (AGE), an antioxidant, has a protective role in this experimental model. Four groups of male Wistar rats were studied: 1) Control (CT), injected subcutaneously (s.c.) and intraperitoneally (i.p.) with saline, 2) GM, treated s.c. with GM (70 mg/kg/12 hours/4 days), 3) AGE, treated i.p with AGE (1.2 mL/kg/12 hours/6 days), and 4) GM + AGE treated with GM and AGE. The treatment with AGE started two days before the first dose of GM (GM + AGE group) or saline (AGE group). Animals were sacrificed on day 5, and blood, urine, and kidneys were obtained. Nephrotoxicity was made evident by: 1) the increase in blood urea nitrogen and plasma creatinine, 2) the decrease in plasma glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activity and the urinary increase in N-acetyl-beta-D-glucosaminidase activity and total protein, and 3) necrosis of proximal tubular cells. These alterations were prevented or ameliorated by AGE treatment. Furthermore, AGE prevented the GM-induced increase in the renal levels of oxidative stress markers: nitrotyrosine and protein carbonyl groups and the decrease in manganese superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD), GPx, and glutathione reductase (GR) activities. The protective effect of AGE was associated with the decrease in the oxidative stress and the preservation of Mn-SOD, GPx, and GR activities in renal cortex. These data suggest that AGE may be a useful agent for the prevention of GM-nephrotoxicity.
Authors+Show Affiliations
,Department of Biology, Faculty of Chemistry, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Ciudad Universitaria, 04510 D.F., México, Mexico.
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MeSH
AnimalsAnti-Bacterial Agents
Blotting, Western
Body Weight
Catalase
Free Radical Scavengers
Garlic
Gentamicins
Indicators and Reagents
Kidney
Kidney Cortex
Kidney Diseases
Kidney Glomerulus
Kidney Tubules
Male
Oxidative Stress
Plant Extracts
Rats
Rats, Wistar
Superoxides
Urination
Pub Type(s)
Journal ArticleResearch Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Language
eng
PubMed ID
12967679