Tags

Type your tag names separated by a space and hit enter

Triacylglycerol markers of mature human milk.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003 Dec; 57(12):1621-6.EJ

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To determine which triacylglycerol (TAG) species in mature human milk are less affected by external factors and may thus be considered as TAG markers, as well as to determine which species are most influenced by these external conditions. Furthermore, we examine the correlation between the TAG markers and their fatty acids (FAs).

SETTING AND SUBJECTS

Six healthy women from Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain).

DESIGN AND INTERVENTIONS

In order to obtain the maximum variability of sampling conditions, 40 mature human milk samples were collected from different mothers, on different days, at different times of the day, and from different breasts during and after both the baby's and mother's meal. TAG and FA profiles were determined and correlated. The TAG composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with an evaporative light-scattering detector, and also with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. FAs compositions were determined by gas chromatography.

RESULTS

The results were analysed using the SPSS statistical package and proved to be more variable than might have been found in a more restrictive sample design. Nevertheless, despite these conditions, some TAG species were found in relatively constant levels in mature human milk, and could thus be considered as markers of the mature milk TAG profile. TAG species that we can classify in this group were: LaMO, CaPO, LaCaO, LaPCa, LaOL, MPLn, LLO, LaOO, MPL, and MOL. The names do not indicate the location of fatty acids in the glycerol molecule. On the other hand, concentrations of other TAG species vary considerably between samples and consequently these may be understood to be especially affected by the external factors. TAGs like PaLS, MPO, PaOO, PPP, MPS, SPP, LOO, PPO, MOS, SSP, POL, and SOS are in this second group. Correlation between the TAG markers and their FAs was examined by Pearson's test and a significant correlation was found for some FAs.

CONCLUSIONS

The TAG species present in mature human milk are affected in different ways by external factors such as dietary intake, nutritional status, length of lactation, time of the day, etc. Some TAGs may be considered as markers of mature human milk as they are relatively constant under a wide range of sampling conditions and do not depend on the factors mentioned.

SPONSORSHIP

This study was supported by the Fundació Mestres Jané.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Morera S
Dpt. Nutrició i Bromatología, Facultat de Farmàcia, Centre de Referència en Tecnologia dels Aliments (CeRTA), Universitat de Barcelona, Avda. Joan XXIII s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain.
Castellote AI
No affiliation info available
Jauregui O
No affiliation info available
Casals I
No affiliation info available
López-Sabater MC
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultBiomarkersChromatography, GasChromatography, High Pressure LiquidDietFatty AcidsFemaleHumansLactationMilk, HumanNutritional StatusSpainTime FactorsTriglycerides

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

14647228

Citation

Morera, S, et al. "Triacylglycerol Markers of Mature Human Milk." European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 57, no. 12, 2003, pp. 1621-6.
Morera S, Castellote AI, Jauregui O, et al. Triacylglycerol markers of mature human milk. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003;57(12):1621-6.
Morera, S., Castellote, A. I., Jauregui, O., Casals, I., & López-Sabater, M. C. (2003). Triacylglycerol markers of mature human milk. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 57(12), 1621-6.
Morera S, et al. Triacylglycerol Markers of Mature Human Milk. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2003;57(12):1621-6. PubMed PMID: 14647228.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Triacylglycerol markers of mature human milk. AU - Morera,S, AU - Castellote,A I, AU - Jauregui,O, AU - Casals,I, AU - López-Sabater,M C, PY - 2003/12/4/pubmed PY - 2004/5/5/medline PY - 2003/12/4/entrez SP - 1621 EP - 6 JF - European journal of clinical nutrition JO - Eur J Clin Nutr VL - 57 IS - 12 N2 - OBJECTIVES: To determine which triacylglycerol (TAG) species in mature human milk are less affected by external factors and may thus be considered as TAG markers, as well as to determine which species are most influenced by these external conditions. Furthermore, we examine the correlation between the TAG markers and their fatty acids (FAs). SETTING AND SUBJECTS: Six healthy women from Barcelona (Catalonia, Spain). DESIGN AND INTERVENTIONS: In order to obtain the maximum variability of sampling conditions, 40 mature human milk samples were collected from different mothers, on different days, at different times of the day, and from different breasts during and after both the baby's and mother's meal. TAG and FA profiles were determined and correlated. The TAG composition was determined by high-performance liquid chromatography with an evaporative light-scattering detector, and also with atmospheric pressure chemical ionisation mass spectrometry. FAs compositions were determined by gas chromatography. RESULTS: The results were analysed using the SPSS statistical package and proved to be more variable than might have been found in a more restrictive sample design. Nevertheless, despite these conditions, some TAG species were found in relatively constant levels in mature human milk, and could thus be considered as markers of the mature milk TAG profile. TAG species that we can classify in this group were: LaMO, CaPO, LaCaO, LaPCa, LaOL, MPLn, LLO, LaOO, MPL, and MOL. The names do not indicate the location of fatty acids in the glycerol molecule. On the other hand, concentrations of other TAG species vary considerably between samples and consequently these may be understood to be especially affected by the external factors. TAGs like PaLS, MPO, PaOO, PPP, MPS, SPP, LOO, PPO, MOS, SSP, POL, and SOS are in this second group. Correlation between the TAG markers and their FAs was examined by Pearson's test and a significant correlation was found for some FAs. CONCLUSIONS: The TAG species present in mature human milk are affected in different ways by external factors such as dietary intake, nutritional status, length of lactation, time of the day, etc. Some TAGs may be considered as markers of mature human milk as they are relatively constant under a wide range of sampling conditions and do not depend on the factors mentioned. SPONSORSHIP: This study was supported by the Fundació Mestres Jané. SN - 0954-3007 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/14647228/Triacylglycerol_markers_of_mature_human_milk_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -