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Iron deficiency and risk factors for lower iron stores in 6-24-month-old New Zealanders.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004 Jan; 58(1):71-9.EJ

Abstract

OBJECTIVES

To determine the prevalence of biochemical iron deficiency and identify factors associated with ferritin levels among 6-24-month-old urban South Island New Zealand children.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional survey conducted from May 1998 to March 1999.

SETTING

The cities of Christchurch, Dunedin and Invercargill.

SUBJECTS

A total of 323 randomly selected 6-24-month-old children participated (response rate 61%) of which 263 provided a blood sample.

METHODS

A complete blood cell count, zinc protoporphyrin, serum ferritin and C-reactive protein were measured on nonfasting venipuncture blood samples, 3-day weighed food records and general questionnaire data were collected.

RESULTS

Among children with C-reactive protein<10 mg/l (n=231), 4.3% had iron deficiency anaemia, 5.6% had iron deficiency without anaemia, and 18.6% had depleted iron stores, when a ferritin cutoff of < or =12 g/l was used. Age (negative), sex (girls>boys), ethnicity (Caucasian>non-Caucasian), weight-for-age percentiles (negative) and birth weight (positive) were associated with ferritin after adjusting for infection and socioeconomic status. When current consumption of iron fortified formula and >500 ml of cows' milk per day were included, these were associated with a 22% increase and 25% decrease in ferritin, respectively (R2=0.28).

CONCLUSIONS

The presence of suboptimal iron status (29%) among young New Zealand children is cause for concern, even though severe iron deficiency is rare, because children with marginal iron status are at risk of developing severe iron deficiency if exposed to a physiological challenge.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Soh P
Department of Human Nutrition, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Ferguson EL
No affiliation info available
McKenzie JE
No affiliation info available
Homs MY
No affiliation info available
Gibson RS
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Anemia, Iron-DeficiencyC-Reactive ProteinChild, PreschoolCross-Sectional StudiesDiet RecordsErythrocyte IndicesEthnicityFemaleFerritinsHealth SurveysHemoglobinsHumansInfantInfant Nutrition DisordersInfant Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaIronIron DeficienciesMaleNew ZealandPrevalenceRisk FactorsUrban Population

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

14679370

Citation

Soh, P, et al. "Iron Deficiency and Risk Factors for Lower Iron Stores in 6-24-month-old New Zealanders." European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 58, no. 1, 2004, pp. 71-9.
Soh P, Ferguson EL, McKenzie JE, et al. Iron deficiency and risk factors for lower iron stores in 6-24-month-old New Zealanders. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004;58(1):71-9.
Soh, P., Ferguson, E. L., McKenzie, J. E., Homs, M. Y., & Gibson, R. S. (2004). Iron deficiency and risk factors for lower iron stores in 6-24-month-old New Zealanders. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 58(1), 71-9.
Soh P, et al. Iron Deficiency and Risk Factors for Lower Iron Stores in 6-24-month-old New Zealanders. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2004;58(1):71-9. PubMed PMID: 14679370.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Iron deficiency and risk factors for lower iron stores in 6-24-month-old New Zealanders. AU - Soh,P, AU - Ferguson,E L, AU - McKenzie,J E, AU - Homs,M Y V, AU - Gibson,R S, PY - 2003/12/18/pubmed PY - 2004/6/4/medline PY - 2003/12/18/entrez SP - 71 EP - 9 JF - European journal of clinical nutrition JO - Eur J Clin Nutr VL - 58 IS - 1 N2 - OBJECTIVES: To determine the prevalence of biochemical iron deficiency and identify factors associated with ferritin levels among 6-24-month-old urban South Island New Zealand children. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey conducted from May 1998 to March 1999. SETTING: The cities of Christchurch, Dunedin and Invercargill. SUBJECTS: A total of 323 randomly selected 6-24-month-old children participated (response rate 61%) of which 263 provided a blood sample. METHODS: A complete blood cell count, zinc protoporphyrin, serum ferritin and C-reactive protein were measured on nonfasting venipuncture blood samples, 3-day weighed food records and general questionnaire data were collected. RESULTS: Among children with C-reactive protein<10 mg/l (n=231), 4.3% had iron deficiency anaemia, 5.6% had iron deficiency without anaemia, and 18.6% had depleted iron stores, when a ferritin cutoff of < or =12 g/l was used. Age (negative), sex (girls>boys), ethnicity (Caucasian>non-Caucasian), weight-for-age percentiles (negative) and birth weight (positive) were associated with ferritin after adjusting for infection and socioeconomic status. When current consumption of iron fortified formula and >500 ml of cows' milk per day were included, these were associated with a 22% increase and 25% decrease in ferritin, respectively (R2=0.28). CONCLUSIONS: The presence of suboptimal iron status (29%) among young New Zealand children is cause for concern, even though severe iron deficiency is rare, because children with marginal iron status are at risk of developing severe iron deficiency if exposed to a physiological challenge. SN - 0954-3007 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/14679370/Iron_deficiency_and_risk_factors_for_lower_iron_stores_in_6_24_month_old_New_Zealanders_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -