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Common intestinal parasites.
Am Fam Physician. 2004 Mar 01; 69(5):1161-8.AF

Abstract

Intestinal parasites cause significant morbidity and mortality. Diseases caused by Enterobius vermicularis, Giardia lamblia, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and Entamoeba histolytica occur in the United States. E. vermicularis, or pinworm, causes irritation and sleep disturbances. Diagnosis can be made using the "cellophane tape test." Treatment includes mebendazole and household sanitation. Giardia causes nausea, vomiting, malabsorption, diarrhea, and weight loss. Stool ova and parasite studies are diagnostic. Treatment includes metronidazole. Sewage treatment, proper handwashing, and consumption of bottled water can be preventive. A. duodenale and N. americanus are hookworms that cause blood loss, anemia, pica, and wasting. Finding eggs in the feces is diagnostic. Treatments include albendazole, mebendazole, pyrantel pamoate, iron supplementation, and blood transfusion. Preventive measures include wearing shoes and treating sewage. E. histolytica can cause intestinal ulcerations, bloody diarrhea, weight loss, fever, gastrointestinal obstruction, and peritonitis. Amebas can cause abscesses in the liver that may rupture into the pleural space, peritoneum, or pericardium. Stool and serologic assays, biopsy, barium studies, and liver imaging have diagnostic merit. Therapy includes luminal and tissue amebicides to attack both life-cycle stages. Metronidazole, chloroquine, and aspiration are treatments for liver abscess. Careful sanitation and use of peeled foods and bottled water are preventive.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Kucik CJ
Naval Hospital Jacksonville, Jacksonville, Florida, USA.
Martin GL
No affiliation info available
Sortor BV
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAmebicidesAncylostomaAnimalsChildEntamoeba histolyticaEntamoebiasisEnterobiasisEnterobiusGiardia lambliaGiardiasisHookworm InfectionsHumansIntestinal Diseases, ParasiticNecator americanus

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

15023017

Citation

Kucik, Corry Jeb, et al. "Common Intestinal Parasites." American Family Physician, vol. 69, no. 5, 2004, pp. 1161-8.
Kucik CJ, Martin GL, Sortor BV. Common intestinal parasites. Am Fam Physician. 2004;69(5):1161-8.
Kucik, C. J., Martin, G. L., & Sortor, B. V. (2004). Common intestinal parasites. American Family Physician, 69(5), 1161-8.
Kucik CJ, Martin GL, Sortor BV. Common Intestinal Parasites. Am Fam Physician. 2004 Mar 1;69(5):1161-8. PubMed PMID: 15023017.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Common intestinal parasites. AU - Kucik,Corry Jeb, AU - Martin,Gary L, AU - Sortor,Brett V, PY - 2004/3/17/pubmed PY - 2004/3/31/medline PY - 2004/3/17/entrez SP - 1161 EP - 8 JF - American family physician JO - Am Fam Physician VL - 69 IS - 5 N2 - Intestinal parasites cause significant morbidity and mortality. Diseases caused by Enterobius vermicularis, Giardia lamblia, Ancylostoma duodenale, Necator americanus, and Entamoeba histolytica occur in the United States. E. vermicularis, or pinworm, causes irritation and sleep disturbances. Diagnosis can be made using the "cellophane tape test." Treatment includes mebendazole and household sanitation. Giardia causes nausea, vomiting, malabsorption, diarrhea, and weight loss. Stool ova and parasite studies are diagnostic. Treatment includes metronidazole. Sewage treatment, proper handwashing, and consumption of bottled water can be preventive. A. duodenale and N. americanus are hookworms that cause blood loss, anemia, pica, and wasting. Finding eggs in the feces is diagnostic. Treatments include albendazole, mebendazole, pyrantel pamoate, iron supplementation, and blood transfusion. Preventive measures include wearing shoes and treating sewage. E. histolytica can cause intestinal ulcerations, bloody diarrhea, weight loss, fever, gastrointestinal obstruction, and peritonitis. Amebas can cause abscesses in the liver that may rupture into the pleural space, peritoneum, or pericardium. Stool and serologic assays, biopsy, barium studies, and liver imaging have diagnostic merit. Therapy includes luminal and tissue amebicides to attack both life-cycle stages. Metronidazole, chloroquine, and aspiration are treatments for liver abscess. Careful sanitation and use of peeled foods and bottled water are preventive. SN - 0002-838X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/15023017/full_citation DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -