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Typhoid fever in travelers: who should be targeted for prevention?
Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Jul 15; 39(2):186-91.CI

Abstract

To clarify indications for typhoid vaccination, we reviewed laboratory-confirmed cases of typhoid fever reported to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 1994 and 1999. To estimate the risk of adverse events associated with typhoid vaccination, we reviewed reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System for the same period. Acute Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi infection was reported for 1393 patients. Of these patients, recent travel was reported by 1027 (74%), only 36 (4%) of whom reported having received a vaccination. Six countries accounted for 76% of travel-associated cases (India [30%], Pakistan [13%], Mexico [12%], Bangladesh [8%], The Philippines [8%], and Haiti [5%]). For 626 travelers who traveled to a single country, the length of stay was <or=1 week for 31 (5%), <or=2 weeks for 100 (16%), <or=3 weeks for 169 (27%), <or=4 weeks for 232 (37%), <or=5 weeks for 338 (54%), and <or=6 weeks for 376 (60%). Reports of serious adverse events due to typhoid vaccination were very rare. Vaccination should be considered even for persons planning short-term travel to high-risk areas.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Steinberg EB
Foodborne and Diarrheal Diseases Branch, Division of Bacterial and Mycotic Diseases, National Center for Infectious Diseases, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, Atlanta, GA, USA. ellen.stevenson@choa.org
Bishop R
No affiliation info available
Haber P
No affiliation info available
Dempsey AF
No affiliation info available
Hoekstra RM
No affiliation info available
Nelson JM
No affiliation info available
Ackers M
No affiliation info available
Calugar A
No affiliation info available
Mintz ED
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overChildChild, PreschoolFemaleHumansInfantMaleMiddle AgedPopulation SurveillanceRetrospective StudiesTravelTyphoid FeverTyphoid-Paratyphoid VaccinesUnited States

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

15307027

Citation

Steinberg, E B., et al. "Typhoid Fever in Travelers: Who Should Be Targeted for Prevention?" Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, vol. 39, no. 2, 2004, pp. 186-91.
Steinberg EB, Bishop R, Haber P, et al. Typhoid fever in travelers: who should be targeted for prevention? Clin Infect Dis. 2004;39(2):186-91.
Steinberg, E. B., Bishop, R., Haber, P., Dempsey, A. F., Hoekstra, R. M., Nelson, J. M., Ackers, M., Calugar, A., & Mintz, E. D. (2004). Typhoid fever in travelers: who should be targeted for prevention? Clinical Infectious Diseases : an Official Publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America, 39(2), 186-91.
Steinberg EB, et al. Typhoid Fever in Travelers: Who Should Be Targeted for Prevention. Clin Infect Dis. 2004 Jul 15;39(2):186-91. PubMed PMID: 15307027.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Typhoid fever in travelers: who should be targeted for prevention? AU - Steinberg,E B, AU - Bishop,R, AU - Haber,P, AU - Dempsey,A F, AU - Hoekstra,R M, AU - Nelson,J M, AU - Ackers,M, AU - Calugar,A, AU - Mintz,E D, Y1 - 2004/07/01/ PY - 2003/11/04/received PY - 2004/02/18/accepted PY - 2004/8/13/pubmed PY - 2004/12/30/medline PY - 2004/8/13/entrez SP - 186 EP - 91 JF - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America JO - Clin Infect Dis VL - 39 IS - 2 N2 - To clarify indications for typhoid vaccination, we reviewed laboratory-confirmed cases of typhoid fever reported to the United States Centers for Disease Control and Prevention between 1994 and 1999. To estimate the risk of adverse events associated with typhoid vaccination, we reviewed reports to the Vaccine Adverse Event Reporting System for the same period. Acute Salmonella enterica serotype Typhi infection was reported for 1393 patients. Of these patients, recent travel was reported by 1027 (74%), only 36 (4%) of whom reported having received a vaccination. Six countries accounted for 76% of travel-associated cases (India [30%], Pakistan [13%], Mexico [12%], Bangladesh [8%], The Philippines [8%], and Haiti [5%]). For 626 travelers who traveled to a single country, the length of stay was <or=1 week for 31 (5%), <or=2 weeks for 100 (16%), <or=3 weeks for 169 (27%), <or=4 weeks for 232 (37%), <or=5 weeks for 338 (54%), and <or=6 weeks for 376 (60%). Reports of serious adverse events due to typhoid vaccination were very rare. Vaccination should be considered even for persons planning short-term travel to high-risk areas. SN - 1537-6591 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/15307027/Typhoid_fever_in_travelers:_who_should_be_targeted_for_prevention L2 - https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-lookup/doi/10.1086/421945 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -