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Hypertensive crisis profile. Prevalence and clinical presentation.
Arq Bras Cardiol. 2004 Aug; 83(2):131-6; 125-30.AB

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess the prevalence of hypertensive crisis, related clinical findings, and the organic lesions involved.

METHOD

This retrospective study comprised the analysis of the medical records of symptomatic patients with an elevation in diastolic blood pressure levels > or = 120 mmHg, who sought the emergency unit of a university-affiliated hospital over 12 months. Hypertensive urgency was characterized as the symptomatic elevation of blood pressure levels with no evidence of target-organ lesions, and hypertensive emergency was characterized as the symptomatic elevation of blood pressure levels with evidence of acute or ongoing target-organ lesion.

RESULTS

This study comprised 452 patients with hypertensive crisis, accounting for 0.5% of all clinicosurgical emergencies, of which, 273 (60.4%) were hypertensive urgencies and 179 (39.6%) were hypertensive emergencies. Eighteen percent of the patients ignored their hypertensive condition. Smoking and diabetes were risk factors associated with the development of a hypertensive crisis in 1/4 and 1/5 of the patients, respectively. The patients with a hypertensive emergency were older (59.6+/-14.8 versus 49.9+/-18.6 years, p < 0.001) and had greater diastolic blood pressure (129.1+/-12 versus 126.6+/-14.4 mmHg, p < 0.05) than those with hypertensive urgencies. Ischemic stroke and acute pulmonary edema were the most common hypertensive emergencies, being in accordance with the most frequently found clinical manifestations of neurologic deficit and dyspnea.

CONCLUSION

Hypertensive crises accounted for 0.5% of all emergency cases studied and for 1.7% of all clinical emergencies, hypertensive urgency being more common than hypertensive emergency. Ischemic stroke and acute pulmonary edema were the most frequent target-organ lesions in hypertensive emergencies.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Martin JF
Facultade de Medicina, São José do Rio Preto (FAMERP), SP, Brazil. vilelamartin@cardiol.br
Higashiama E
No affiliation info available
Garcia E
No affiliation info available
Luizon MR
No affiliation info available
Cipullo JP
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Acute DiseaseAdolescentAdultAgedAged, 80 and overBrazilEmergenciesFemaleHumansHypertensionMaleMiddle AgedPrevalencePulmonary EdemaRetrospective StudiesRisk FactorsStroke

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng por

PubMed ID

15322655

Citation

Martin, José Fernando Vilela, et al. "Hypertensive Crisis Profile. Prevalence and Clinical Presentation." Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia, vol. 83, no. 2, 2004, pp. 131-6; 125-30.
Martin JF, Higashiama E, Garcia E, et al. Hypertensive crisis profile. Prevalence and clinical presentation. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2004;83(2):131-6; 125-30.
Martin, J. F., Higashiama, E., Garcia, E., Luizon, M. R., & Cipullo, J. P. (2004). Hypertensive crisis profile. Prevalence and clinical presentation. Arquivos Brasileiros De Cardiologia, 83(2), 131-6; 125-30.
Martin JF, et al. Hypertensive Crisis Profile. Prevalence and Clinical Presentation. Arq Bras Cardiol. 2004;83(2):131-6; 125-30. PubMed PMID: 15322655.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Hypertensive crisis profile. Prevalence and clinical presentation. AU - Martin,José Fernando Vilela, AU - Higashiama,Erika, AU - Garcia,Evandro, AU - Luizon,Murilo Rizzatti, AU - Cipullo,José Paulo, Y1 - 2004/08/17/ PY - 2004/8/24/pubmed PY - 2005/4/9/medline PY - 2004/8/24/entrez SP - 131-6; 125-30 JF - Arquivos brasileiros de cardiologia JO - Arq Bras Cardiol VL - 83 IS - 2 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To assess the prevalence of hypertensive crisis, related clinical findings, and the organic lesions involved. METHOD: This retrospective study comprised the analysis of the medical records of symptomatic patients with an elevation in diastolic blood pressure levels > or = 120 mmHg, who sought the emergency unit of a university-affiliated hospital over 12 months. Hypertensive urgency was characterized as the symptomatic elevation of blood pressure levels with no evidence of target-organ lesions, and hypertensive emergency was characterized as the symptomatic elevation of blood pressure levels with evidence of acute or ongoing target-organ lesion. RESULTS: This study comprised 452 patients with hypertensive crisis, accounting for 0.5% of all clinicosurgical emergencies, of which, 273 (60.4%) were hypertensive urgencies and 179 (39.6%) were hypertensive emergencies. Eighteen percent of the patients ignored their hypertensive condition. Smoking and diabetes were risk factors associated with the development of a hypertensive crisis in 1/4 and 1/5 of the patients, respectively. The patients with a hypertensive emergency were older (59.6+/-14.8 versus 49.9+/-18.6 years, p < 0.001) and had greater diastolic blood pressure (129.1+/-12 versus 126.6+/-14.4 mmHg, p < 0.05) than those with hypertensive urgencies. Ischemic stroke and acute pulmonary edema were the most common hypertensive emergencies, being in accordance with the most frequently found clinical manifestations of neurologic deficit and dyspnea. CONCLUSION: Hypertensive crises accounted for 0.5% of all emergency cases studied and for 1.7% of all clinical emergencies, hypertensive urgency being more common than hypertensive emergency. Ischemic stroke and acute pulmonary edema were the most frequent target-organ lesions in hypertensive emergencies. SN - 0066-782X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/15322655/Hypertensive_crisis_profile__Prevalence_and_clinical_presentation_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -