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Association between aminolevulinate dehydrase genotypes and blood lead levels in children from a lead-contaminated area in Antofagasta, Chile.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2004 Aug; 47(2):276-80.AE

Abstract

Childhood environmental lead exposure in the city of Antofagasta, Chile, was generated by the accumulation of recently removed lead stores derived from mining activities for a long period of time. Susceptibility to harmful lead effects may be associated with polymorphisms of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) because of the differential binding of lead to the codified proteins. We assessed the associations and possible interactions among the following variables: blood lead levels, ALAD genotypes, and distance to the source of lead contamination in Chilean children exposed to lead contamination in Antofagasta, Chile. Ninety-three children were recruited from schools located near a lead- contaminated area. Lead blood levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. ALAD genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. The frequency of the ALAD-2 allele was estimated at 0.054. Children with the ALAD-2 genotype had higher blood lead levels than noncarriers (p = 0.06). As expected, blood lead levels were inversely correlated with the distance from lead stores. Interestingly, ALAD-2 carriers were more frequent within the area defined by a distance of 200 m from lead deposits (27%) than in areas >200 m (5%) away. Children living within a maximum distance of 200 m from the lead stores showed higher blood lead levels in ALAD-2 carriers (geometric mean = 16.4 microg/dl, range 6 to 27) than in noncarriers (geometric mean = 12.1 microg/dl, range 0 to 26) without achieving statistical significance (p = 0.13). A trend for higher blood lead levels in ALAD-2 carriers compared with ALAD-1 homozygous children has been observed. Because ALAD-2 frequency was higher in subjects living within 200 m from the lead deposits, we hypothesized that a long-term selective pressure against the presence of the ALAD-1 allele is the cause of the overrepresentation of the ALAD-2 allele in children living in proximity to the recently removed lead stores.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Pérez-Bravo F
Unidad de Nutrición Pública, Programa de Epidemiologia Genética, Instituto de Nutrición y Tecnología de los Alimentos, Universidad de Chile, PO Box 138-11, Santiago, Chile. fperez@uec.inta.uchile.cl
Ruz M
No affiliation info available
Morán-Jiménez MJ
No affiliation info available
Olivares M
No affiliation info available
Rebolledo A
No affiliation info available
Codoceo J
No affiliation info available
Sepúlveda V
No affiliation info available
Jenkin A
No affiliation info available
Santos JL
No affiliation info available
Fontanellas A
No affiliation info available

MeSH

ChildChild WelfareChild, PreschoolChileEnvironmental ExposureEnvironmental PollutantsFemaleGenotypeHumansLeadLead PoisoningMaleMiningPorphobilinogen SynthaseSchools

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

15386154

Citation

Pérez-Bravo, F, et al. "Association Between Aminolevulinate Dehydrase Genotypes and Blood Lead Levels in Children From a Lead-contaminated Area in Antofagasta, Chile." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol. 47, no. 2, 2004, pp. 276-80.
Pérez-Bravo F, Ruz M, Morán-Jiménez MJ, et al. Association between aminolevulinate dehydrase genotypes and blood lead levels in children from a lead-contaminated area in Antofagasta, Chile. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2004;47(2):276-80.
Pérez-Bravo, F., Ruz, M., Morán-Jiménez, M. J., Olivares, M., Rebolledo, A., Codoceo, J., Sepúlveda, V., Jenkin, A., Santos, J. L., & Fontanellas, A. (2004). Association between aminolevulinate dehydrase genotypes and blood lead levels in children from a lead-contaminated area in Antofagasta, Chile. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 47(2), 276-80.
Pérez-Bravo F, et al. Association Between Aminolevulinate Dehydrase Genotypes and Blood Lead Levels in Children From a Lead-contaminated Area in Antofagasta, Chile. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2004;47(2):276-80. PubMed PMID: 15386154.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Association between aminolevulinate dehydrase genotypes and blood lead levels in children from a lead-contaminated area in Antofagasta, Chile. AU - Pérez-Bravo,F, AU - Ruz,M, AU - Morán-Jiménez,M J, AU - Olivares,M, AU - Rebolledo,A, AU - Codoceo,J, AU - Sepúlveda,V, AU - Jenkin,A, AU - Santos,J L, AU - Fontanellas,A, PY - 2004/9/24/pubmed PY - 2004/10/19/medline PY - 2004/9/24/entrez SP - 276 EP - 80 JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology JO - Arch Environ Contam Toxicol VL - 47 IS - 2 N2 - Childhood environmental lead exposure in the city of Antofagasta, Chile, was generated by the accumulation of recently removed lead stores derived from mining activities for a long period of time. Susceptibility to harmful lead effects may be associated with polymorphisms of delta-aminolevulinic acid dehydratase (ALAD) because of the differential binding of lead to the codified proteins. We assessed the associations and possible interactions among the following variables: blood lead levels, ALAD genotypes, and distance to the source of lead contamination in Chilean children exposed to lead contamination in Antofagasta, Chile. Ninety-three children were recruited from schools located near a lead- contaminated area. Lead blood levels were measured by atomic absorption spectrophotometry. ALAD genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction and restriction fragment-length polymorphism analysis. The frequency of the ALAD-2 allele was estimated at 0.054. Children with the ALAD-2 genotype had higher blood lead levels than noncarriers (p = 0.06). As expected, blood lead levels were inversely correlated with the distance from lead stores. Interestingly, ALAD-2 carriers were more frequent within the area defined by a distance of 200 m from lead deposits (27%) than in areas >200 m (5%) away. Children living within a maximum distance of 200 m from the lead stores showed higher blood lead levels in ALAD-2 carriers (geometric mean = 16.4 microg/dl, range 6 to 27) than in noncarriers (geometric mean = 12.1 microg/dl, range 0 to 26) without achieving statistical significance (p = 0.13). A trend for higher blood lead levels in ALAD-2 carriers compared with ALAD-1 homozygous children has been observed. Because ALAD-2 frequency was higher in subjects living within 200 m from the lead deposits, we hypothesized that a long-term selective pressure against the presence of the ALAD-1 allele is the cause of the overrepresentation of the ALAD-2 allele in children living in proximity to the recently removed lead stores. SN - 0090-4341 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/15386154/Association_between_aminolevulinate_dehydrase_genotypes_and_blood_lead_levels_in_children_from_a_lead_contaminated_area_in_Antofagasta_Chile_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -