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Major depressive disorder, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt in twins discordant for cannabis dependence and early-onset cannabis use.
Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004 Oct; 61(10):1026-32.AG

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Previous research has reported both a moderate degree of comorbidity between cannabis dependence and major depressive disorder (MDD) and that early-onset cannabis use is associated with increased risks for MDD.

OBJECTIVE

To examine whether associations between both lifetime cannabis dependence and early cannabis use and measures of MDD, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt persist after controlling for genetic and/or shared environmental influences.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional survey of twin pairs discordant for lifetime cannabis dependence and those discordant for early cannabis use.

SETTING

General population sample of twins (median age, 30 years).

PARTICIPANTS

Two hundred seventy-seven same-sex twin pairs discordant for cannabis dependence and 311 pairs discordant for early-onset cannabis use (before age 17 years).

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Self-report measures of DSM-IV-defined lifetime MDD, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt.

RESULTS

Individuals who were cannabis dependent had odds of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt that were 2.5 to 2.9 times higher than those of their non-cannabis-dependent co-twin. Additionally, cannabis dependence was associated with elevated risks of MDD in dizygotic but not in monozygotic twins. Those who initiated cannabis use before age 17 years had elevated rates of subsequent suicide attempt (odds ratio, 3.5 [95% confidence interval, 1.4-8.6]) but not of MDD or suicidal ideation. Early MDD and suicidal ideation were significantly associated with subsequent risks of cannabis dependence in discordant dizygotic pairs but not in discordant monozygotic pairs.

CONCLUSIONS

Comorbidity between cannabis dependence and MDD likely arises through shared genetic and environmental vulnerabilities predisposing to both outcomes. In contrast, associations between cannabis dependence and suicidal behaviors cannot be entirely explained by common predisposing genetic and/or shared environmental predispositions. Previously reported associations between early-onset cannabis use and subsequent MDD likely reflect shared genetic and environmental vulnerabilities, although it remains possible that early-onset cannabis use may predispose to suicide attempt.

Links

Publisher Full Text
Aggregator Full Text

Authors+Show Affiliations

Lynskey MT
Queensland Institute of Medical Research, Brisbane, Queensland, Australia. mlynskey@matlock.wustl.edu
Glowinski AL
No affiliation info available
Todorov AA
No affiliation info available
Bucholz KK
No affiliation info available
Madden PA
No affiliation info available
Nelson EC
No affiliation info available
Statham DJ
No affiliation info available
Martin NG
No affiliation info available
Heath AC
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAustraliaComorbidityCross-Sectional StudiesDepressive DisorderDiagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental DisordersDiseases in TwinsFemaleGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseHumansMaleMarijuana AbusePsychiatric Status Rating ScalesRisk FactorsSocial EnvironmentSuicideSuicide, AttemptedTwins, DizygoticTwins, Monozygotic

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.
Twin Study

Language

eng

PubMed ID

15466676

Clinical Trial Links

Motivational Interviewing to Reduce Substance Use Among Depression Patients

Citation

Lynskey, Michael T., et al. "Major Depressive Disorder, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide Attempt in Twins Discordant for Cannabis Dependence and Early-onset Cannabis Use." Archives of General Psychiatry, vol. 61, no. 10, 2004, pp. 1026-32.
Lynskey MT, Glowinski AL, Todorov AA, et al. Major depressive disorder, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt in twins discordant for cannabis dependence and early-onset cannabis use. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004;61(10):1026-32.
Lynskey, M. T., Glowinski, A. L., Todorov, A. A., Bucholz, K. K., Madden, P. A., Nelson, E. C., Statham, D. J., Martin, N. G., & Heath, A. C. (2004). Major depressive disorder, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt in twins discordant for cannabis dependence and early-onset cannabis use. Archives of General Psychiatry, 61(10), 1026-32.
Lynskey MT, et al. Major Depressive Disorder, Suicidal Ideation, and Suicide Attempt in Twins Discordant for Cannabis Dependence and Early-onset Cannabis Use. Arch Gen Psychiatry. 2004;61(10):1026-32. PubMed PMID: 15466676.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Major depressive disorder, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt in twins discordant for cannabis dependence and early-onset cannabis use. AU - Lynskey,Michael T, AU - Glowinski,Anne L, AU - Todorov,Alexandre A, AU - Bucholz,Kathleen K, AU - Madden,Pamela A F, AU - Nelson,Elliot C, AU - Statham,Dixie J, AU - Martin,Nicholas G, AU - Heath,Andrew C, PY - 2004/10/7/pubmed PY - 2004/11/4/medline PY - 2004/10/7/entrez SP - 1026 EP - 32 JF - Archives of general psychiatry JO - Arch Gen Psychiatry VL - 61 IS - 10 N2 - BACKGROUND: Previous research has reported both a moderate degree of comorbidity between cannabis dependence and major depressive disorder (MDD) and that early-onset cannabis use is associated with increased risks for MDD. OBJECTIVE: To examine whether associations between both lifetime cannabis dependence and early cannabis use and measures of MDD, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt persist after controlling for genetic and/or shared environmental influences. DESIGN: Cross-sectional survey of twin pairs discordant for lifetime cannabis dependence and those discordant for early cannabis use. SETTING: General population sample of twins (median age, 30 years). PARTICIPANTS: Two hundred seventy-seven same-sex twin pairs discordant for cannabis dependence and 311 pairs discordant for early-onset cannabis use (before age 17 years). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Self-report measures of DSM-IV-defined lifetime MDD, suicidal ideation, and suicide attempt. RESULTS: Individuals who were cannabis dependent had odds of suicidal ideation and suicide attempt that were 2.5 to 2.9 times higher than those of their non-cannabis-dependent co-twin. Additionally, cannabis dependence was associated with elevated risks of MDD in dizygotic but not in monozygotic twins. Those who initiated cannabis use before age 17 years had elevated rates of subsequent suicide attempt (odds ratio, 3.5 [95% confidence interval, 1.4-8.6]) but not of MDD or suicidal ideation. Early MDD and suicidal ideation were significantly associated with subsequent risks of cannabis dependence in discordant dizygotic pairs but not in discordant monozygotic pairs. CONCLUSIONS: Comorbidity between cannabis dependence and MDD likely arises through shared genetic and environmental vulnerabilities predisposing to both outcomes. In contrast, associations between cannabis dependence and suicidal behaviors cannot be entirely explained by common predisposing genetic and/or shared environmental predispositions. Previously reported associations between early-onset cannabis use and subsequent MDD likely reflect shared genetic and environmental vulnerabilities, although it remains possible that early-onset cannabis use may predispose to suicide attempt. SN - 0003-990X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/15466676/Major_depressive_disorder_suicidal_ideation_and_suicide_attempt_in_twins_discordant_for_cannabis_dependence_and_early_onset_cannabis_use_ L2 - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapsychiatry/fullarticle/10.1001/archpsyc.61.10.1026 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -