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Expired air carbon monoxide concentration in mothers and their spouses above 5 ppm is associated with decreased fetal growth.
Prev Med. 2005 Jan; 40(1):10-5.PM

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Smoking during pregnancy is associated with reduced birthweight; this relation can be reversed by smoking cessation. Some but not all previous studies have shown that smoking reduction (measured as cigarettes/day or urinary cotinine) may also improve birthweight. The relationship between maternal and spouses' expired air carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations (EACO) on fetal growth has not yet been evaluated.

METHODS

Eight hundred fifty-six smoking and nonsmoking pregnant women were followed during their pregnancy. Their EACO was determined in the first trimester and during delivery. The spouses' EACO were also measured at delivery. The main outcome measure was the infants' birthweight. Secondary measures included head circumference, Apgar score, and heart rate at delivery. Cord blood fetal carboxyhemoglobin (FCOHb) served as internal control.

RESULTS

Birthweight dose-dependently and significantly decreased with increasing level of maternal (0-5: 3406 +/- 32; 6-10: 3048 +/- 57; 11-20: 2858 +/- 54; >20 ppm: 2739 +/- 34 g, P < 0.0001) or spouses' EACO (0-5: 3546 +/-25; 6-10: 3484 +/- 51; 11-20: 3309 +/- 47; >20 ppm: 3190 +/- 57 g, P < 0.0001). Even the birthweight of newborns whose mother had EACO between 6 and 10 ppm was significantly lower than the birthweight of newborns whose mother had an EACO between 0 and 5 ppm. Spouses' EACO of delivering women with EACO of 0-5 ppm showed similar effect. Head circumference, Apgar score, and normal term gestational age decreased also significantly with increasing maternal or spouses' EACO.

CONCLUSIONS

Both maternal and spouses' EACO measured during delivery, a proxy of EACO during pregnancy, were dose-dependently and inversely associated with fetal growth. Even low maternal (6 to 10 ppm) or spouses' (11 to 20 ppm) EACO may be associated with significantly lower birthweight.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Gomez C
Centre Hospitalier d' Arras, Maternité Georges Pernin, Arras, France.
Berlin I
No affiliation info available
Marquis P
No affiliation info available
Delcroix M
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultBreath TestsCarbon MonoxideCarboxyhemoglobinFemaleFetal BloodFetal Growth RetardationFranceHumansPregnancyPregnancy OutcomeSpouses

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

15530575

Clinical Trial Links

Smoking Reduction In Gravid Substance Use Disorders

Citation

Gomez, Conchita, et al. "Expired Air Carbon Monoxide Concentration in Mothers and Their Spouses Above 5 Ppm Is Associated With Decreased Fetal Growth." Preventive Medicine, vol. 40, no. 1, 2005, pp. 10-5.
Gomez C, Berlin I, Marquis P, et al. Expired air carbon monoxide concentration in mothers and their spouses above 5 ppm is associated with decreased fetal growth. Prev Med. 2005;40(1):10-5.
Gomez, C., Berlin, I., Marquis, P., & Delcroix, M. (2005). Expired air carbon monoxide concentration in mothers and their spouses above 5 ppm is associated with decreased fetal growth. Preventive Medicine, 40(1), 10-5.
Gomez C, et al. Expired Air Carbon Monoxide Concentration in Mothers and Their Spouses Above 5 Ppm Is Associated With Decreased Fetal Growth. Prev Med. 2005;40(1):10-5. PubMed PMID: 15530575.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Expired air carbon monoxide concentration in mothers and their spouses above 5 ppm is associated with decreased fetal growth. AU - Gomez,Conchita, AU - Berlin,Ivan, AU - Marquis,Pierre, AU - Delcroix,Michel, PY - 2004/11/9/pubmed PY - 2005/3/11/medline PY - 2004/11/9/entrez SP - 10 EP - 5 JF - Preventive medicine JO - Prev Med VL - 40 IS - 1 N2 - BACKGROUND: Smoking during pregnancy is associated with reduced birthweight; this relation can be reversed by smoking cessation. Some but not all previous studies have shown that smoking reduction (measured as cigarettes/day or urinary cotinine) may also improve birthweight. The relationship between maternal and spouses' expired air carbon monoxide (CO) concentrations (EACO) on fetal growth has not yet been evaluated. METHODS: Eight hundred fifty-six smoking and nonsmoking pregnant women were followed during their pregnancy. Their EACO was determined in the first trimester and during delivery. The spouses' EACO were also measured at delivery. The main outcome measure was the infants' birthweight. Secondary measures included head circumference, Apgar score, and heart rate at delivery. Cord blood fetal carboxyhemoglobin (FCOHb) served as internal control. RESULTS: Birthweight dose-dependently and significantly decreased with increasing level of maternal (0-5: 3406 +/- 32; 6-10: 3048 +/- 57; 11-20: 2858 +/- 54; >20 ppm: 2739 +/- 34 g, P < 0.0001) or spouses' EACO (0-5: 3546 +/-25; 6-10: 3484 +/- 51; 11-20: 3309 +/- 47; >20 ppm: 3190 +/- 57 g, P < 0.0001). Even the birthweight of newborns whose mother had EACO between 6 and 10 ppm was significantly lower than the birthweight of newborns whose mother had an EACO between 0 and 5 ppm. Spouses' EACO of delivering women with EACO of 0-5 ppm showed similar effect. Head circumference, Apgar score, and normal term gestational age decreased also significantly with increasing maternal or spouses' EACO. CONCLUSIONS: Both maternal and spouses' EACO measured during delivery, a proxy of EACO during pregnancy, were dose-dependently and inversely associated with fetal growth. Even low maternal (6 to 10 ppm) or spouses' (11 to 20 ppm) EACO may be associated with significantly lower birthweight. SN - 0091-7435 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/15530575/Expired_air_carbon_monoxide_concentration_in_mothers_and_their_spouses_above_5_ppm_is_associated_with_decreased_fetal_growth_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -