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Facial appearance, gender, and emotion expression.
Emotion. 2004 Dec; 4(4):378-88.E

Abstract

Western gender stereotypes describe women as affiliative and more likely to show happiness and men as dominant and more likely to show anger. The authors assessed the hypothesis that the gender-stereotypic effects on perceptions of anger and happiness are partially mediated by facial appearance markers of dominance and affiliation by equating men's and women's faces for these cues. In 2 studies, women were rated as more angry and men as more happy-a reversal of the stereotype. Ratings of sadness, however, were not systematically affected. It is posited that markers of affiliation and dominance, themselves confounded with gender, interact with the expressive cues for anger and happiness to produce emotional perceptions that have been viewed as simple gender stereotypes.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Hess U
Department of Psychology, University of Quebec at Montreal, Montreal, Canada. hess.ursula@uqam.ca
Adams RB
No affiliation info available
Kleck RE
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultEmotionsFacial ExpressionFemaleGender IdentityHumansMalePerceptionSocial DominanceStereotyping

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

15571436

Citation

Hess, Ursula, et al. "Facial Appearance, Gender, and Emotion Expression." Emotion (Washington, D.C.), vol. 4, no. 4, 2004, pp. 378-88.
Hess U, Adams RB, Kleck RE. Facial appearance, gender, and emotion expression. Emotion. 2004;4(4):378-88.
Hess, U., Adams, R. B., & Kleck, R. E. (2004). Facial appearance, gender, and emotion expression. Emotion (Washington, D.C.), 4(4), 378-88.
Hess U, Adams RB, Kleck RE. Facial Appearance, Gender, and Emotion Expression. Emotion. 2004;4(4):378-88. PubMed PMID: 15571436.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Facial appearance, gender, and emotion expression. AU - Hess,Ursula, AU - Adams,Reginald B,Jr AU - Kleck,Robert E, PY - 2004/12/2/pubmed PY - 2005/3/3/medline PY - 2004/12/2/entrez SP - 378 EP - 88 JF - Emotion (Washington, D.C.) JO - Emotion VL - 4 IS - 4 N2 - Western gender stereotypes describe women as affiliative and more likely to show happiness and men as dominant and more likely to show anger. The authors assessed the hypothesis that the gender-stereotypic effects on perceptions of anger and happiness are partially mediated by facial appearance markers of dominance and affiliation by equating men's and women's faces for these cues. In 2 studies, women were rated as more angry and men as more happy-a reversal of the stereotype. Ratings of sadness, however, were not systematically affected. It is posited that markers of affiliation and dominance, themselves confounded with gender, interact with the expressive cues for anger and happiness to produce emotional perceptions that have been viewed as simple gender stereotypes. SN - 1528-3542 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/15571436/Facial_appearance_gender_and_emotion_expression_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -