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Ancient haplotypes resulting from extensive molecular rearrangements in the wheat A genome have been maintained in species of three different ploidy levels.
Genome Res. 2005 Apr; 15(4):526-36.GR

Abstract

Plant genomes, in particular grass genomes, evolve very rapidly. The closely related A genomes of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid wheat are derived from a common ancestor that lived <3 million years ago and represent a good model to study molecular mechanisms involved in such rapid evolution. We have sequenced and compared physical contigs at the Lr10 locus on chromosome 1AS from diploid (211 kb), tetraploid (187 kb), and hexaploid wheat (154 kb). A maximum of 33% of the sequences were conserved between two species. The sequences from diploid and tetraploid wheat shared all of the genes, including Lr10 and RGA2 and define a first haplotype (H1). The 130-kb intergenic region between Lr10 and RGA2 was conserved in size despite its activity as a hot spot for transposon insertion, which resulted in >70% of sequence divergence. The hexaploid wheat sequence lacks both Lr10 and RGA2 genes and defines a second haplotype, H2, which originated from ancient and extensive rearrangements. These rearrangements included insertions of retroelements and transposons deletions, as well as unequal recombination within elements. Gene disruption in haplotype H2 was caused by a deletion and subsequent large inversion. Gene conservation between H1 haplotypes, as well as conservation of rearrangements at the origin of the H2 haplotype at three different ploidy levels indicate that the two haplotypes are ancient and had a stable gene content during evolution, whereas the intergenic regions evolved rapidly. Polyploidization during wheat evolution had no detectable consequences on the structure and evolution of the two haplotypes.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Isidore E
Institute of Plant Biology, University of Zürich, 8008 Zürich, Switzerland.
Scherrer B
No affiliation info available
Chalhoub B
No affiliation info available
Feuillet C
No affiliation info available
Keller B
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Chromosome DeletionChromosome InversionChromosomes, PlantConserved SequenceContig MappingDNA Transposable ElementsDNA, IntergenicDNA, PlantEvolution, MolecularGenes, PlantGenome, PlantHaplotypesPolymerase Chain ReactionPolyploidyRecombination, GeneticRetroelementsSequence Analysis, DNASyntenyTriticum

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

15805493

Citation

Isidore, Edwige, et al. "Ancient Haplotypes Resulting From Extensive Molecular Rearrangements in the Wheat a Genome Have Been Maintained in Species of Three Different Ploidy Levels." Genome Research, vol. 15, no. 4, 2005, pp. 526-36.
Isidore E, Scherrer B, Chalhoub B, et al. Ancient haplotypes resulting from extensive molecular rearrangements in the wheat A genome have been maintained in species of three different ploidy levels. Genome Res. 2005;15(4):526-36.
Isidore, E., Scherrer, B., Chalhoub, B., Feuillet, C., & Keller, B. (2005). Ancient haplotypes resulting from extensive molecular rearrangements in the wheat A genome have been maintained in species of three different ploidy levels. Genome Research, 15(4), 526-36.
Isidore E, et al. Ancient Haplotypes Resulting From Extensive Molecular Rearrangements in the Wheat a Genome Have Been Maintained in Species of Three Different Ploidy Levels. Genome Res. 2005;15(4):526-36. PubMed PMID: 15805493.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Ancient haplotypes resulting from extensive molecular rearrangements in the wheat A genome have been maintained in species of three different ploidy levels. AU - Isidore,Edwige, AU - Scherrer,Beatrice, AU - Chalhoub,Boulos, AU - Feuillet,Catherine, AU - Keller,Beat, PY - 2005/4/5/pubmed PY - 2005/5/5/medline PY - 2005/4/5/entrez SP - 526 EP - 36 JF - Genome research JO - Genome Res VL - 15 IS - 4 N2 - Plant genomes, in particular grass genomes, evolve very rapidly. The closely related A genomes of diploid, tetraploid, and hexaploid wheat are derived from a common ancestor that lived <3 million years ago and represent a good model to study molecular mechanisms involved in such rapid evolution. We have sequenced and compared physical contigs at the Lr10 locus on chromosome 1AS from diploid (211 kb), tetraploid (187 kb), and hexaploid wheat (154 kb). A maximum of 33% of the sequences were conserved between two species. The sequences from diploid and tetraploid wheat shared all of the genes, including Lr10 and RGA2 and define a first haplotype (H1). The 130-kb intergenic region between Lr10 and RGA2 was conserved in size despite its activity as a hot spot for transposon insertion, which resulted in >70% of sequence divergence. The hexaploid wheat sequence lacks both Lr10 and RGA2 genes and defines a second haplotype, H2, which originated from ancient and extensive rearrangements. These rearrangements included insertions of retroelements and transposons deletions, as well as unequal recombination within elements. Gene disruption in haplotype H2 was caused by a deletion and subsequent large inversion. Gene conservation between H1 haplotypes, as well as conservation of rearrangements at the origin of the H2 haplotype at three different ploidy levels indicate that the two haplotypes are ancient and had a stable gene content during evolution, whereas the intergenic regions evolved rapidly. Polyploidization during wheat evolution had no detectable consequences on the structure and evolution of the two haplotypes. SN - 1088-9051 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/15805493/Ancient_haplotypes_resulting_from_extensive_molecular_rearrangements_in_the_wheat_A_genome_have_been_maintained_in_species_of_three_different_ploidy_levels_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -