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Cryptococcosis in cats: clinical and mycological assessment of 29 cases and evaluation of treatment using orally administered fluconazole.
J Med Vet Mycol. 1992; 30(2):133-44.JM

Abstract

Twenty-nine cats with naturally occurring cryptococcosis were evaluated prior to commencing oral fluconazole therapy (25-100 mg every 12 h). Affected cats ranged from 2 to 15 years-of-age. Male cats (19; 66%) and Siamese cats (5; 21%) appeared to be over-represented in comparison to the hospital's cat population. Mycotic rhinitis was observed in 24 (83%) of the cases, although nasal cavity involvement was subtle in four animals. Disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissues was present in 15 cases (52%) and amongst these the nasal plane (seven cats) and bridge of the nose (seven cats) were most commonly involved. Primary infection of the central nervous system was not encountered, although one cat developed meningoencephalitis and optic neuritis as a sequel to longstanding nasal cavity disease. Antibodies against the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were detected in eight cats (28%), and these cats tended to have advanced and/or disseminated disease. There was a tendency for cats to develop cryptococcosis during the Australian summer. Organisms were cultured from 27 cases. Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans was isolated from 21 cats, while C. neoformans var. gattii was identified in the remaining six. The response to oral fluconazole was excellent in this series, which included many cats with advanced, longstanding or disseminated disease. The fungal infection resolved in all but one advanced case which died after only 4 days of therapy. A dose of 50 mg per cat, given every 12 h, produced a consistently good response without side effects. Lower doses were effective in some cases, while 100 mg every 12 h was required to control the infection in one cat. Serum fluconazole levels obtained during chronic dosing (50 +/- 18 mg l-1, mean +/- SD; 50 mg per cat every 12 h) were highly variable (range 15-80 mg l-1). Concurrent FIV infection did not impart an unfavourable prognosis, although affected cats often required prolonged courses of therapy.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Malik R
Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Wigney DI
No affiliation info available
Muir DB
No affiliation info available
Gregory DJ
No affiliation info available
Love DN
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsBreedingCat DiseasesCatsCryptococcosisCryptococcus neoformansDermatomycosesFeline Acquired Immunodeficiency SyndromeFemaleFluconazoleMaleNose DiseasesSex Factors

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

1588463

Citation

Malik, R, et al. "Cryptococcosis in Cats: Clinical and Mycological Assessment of 29 Cases and Evaluation of Treatment Using Orally Administered Fluconazole." Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology : Bi-monthly Publication of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology, vol. 30, no. 2, 1992, pp. 133-44.
Malik R, Wigney DI, Muir DB, et al. Cryptococcosis in cats: clinical and mycological assessment of 29 cases and evaluation of treatment using orally administered fluconazole. J Med Vet Mycol. 1992;30(2):133-44.
Malik, R., Wigney, D. I., Muir, D. B., Gregory, D. J., & Love, D. N. (1992). Cryptococcosis in cats: clinical and mycological assessment of 29 cases and evaluation of treatment using orally administered fluconazole. Journal of Medical and Veterinary Mycology : Bi-monthly Publication of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology, 30(2), 133-44.
Malik R, et al. Cryptococcosis in Cats: Clinical and Mycological Assessment of 29 Cases and Evaluation of Treatment Using Orally Administered Fluconazole. J Med Vet Mycol. 1992;30(2):133-44. PubMed PMID: 1588463.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Cryptococcosis in cats: clinical and mycological assessment of 29 cases and evaluation of treatment using orally administered fluconazole. AU - Malik,R, AU - Wigney,D I, AU - Muir,D B, AU - Gregory,D J, AU - Love,D N, PY - 1992/1/1/pubmed PY - 1992/1/1/medline PY - 1992/1/1/entrez SP - 133 EP - 44 JF - Journal of medical and veterinary mycology : bi-monthly publication of the International Society for Human and Animal Mycology JO - J Med Vet Mycol VL - 30 IS - 2 N2 - Twenty-nine cats with naturally occurring cryptococcosis were evaluated prior to commencing oral fluconazole therapy (25-100 mg every 12 h). Affected cats ranged from 2 to 15 years-of-age. Male cats (19; 66%) and Siamese cats (5; 21%) appeared to be over-represented in comparison to the hospital's cat population. Mycotic rhinitis was observed in 24 (83%) of the cases, although nasal cavity involvement was subtle in four animals. Disease of the skin and subcutaneous tissues was present in 15 cases (52%) and amongst these the nasal plane (seven cats) and bridge of the nose (seven cats) were most commonly involved. Primary infection of the central nervous system was not encountered, although one cat developed meningoencephalitis and optic neuritis as a sequel to longstanding nasal cavity disease. Antibodies against the feline immunodeficiency virus (FIV) were detected in eight cats (28%), and these cats tended to have advanced and/or disseminated disease. There was a tendency for cats to develop cryptococcosis during the Australian summer. Organisms were cultured from 27 cases. Cryptococcus neoformans var. neoformans was isolated from 21 cats, while C. neoformans var. gattii was identified in the remaining six. The response to oral fluconazole was excellent in this series, which included many cats with advanced, longstanding or disseminated disease. The fungal infection resolved in all but one advanced case which died after only 4 days of therapy. A dose of 50 mg per cat, given every 12 h, produced a consistently good response without side effects. Lower doses were effective in some cases, while 100 mg every 12 h was required to control the infection in one cat. Serum fluconazole levels obtained during chronic dosing (50 +/- 18 mg l-1, mean +/- SD; 50 mg per cat every 12 h) were highly variable (range 15-80 mg l-1). Concurrent FIV infection did not impart an unfavourable prognosis, although affected cats often required prolonged courses of therapy. SN - 0268-1218 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/1588463/Cryptococcosis_in_cats:_clinical_and_mycological_assessment_of_29_cases_and_evaluation_of_treatment_using_orally_administered_fluconazole_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -