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Dietary vitamin A may be a cardiovascular risk factor in a Saudi population.
Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2005; 14(2):137-44.AP

Abstract

Traditional risk factors do not appear to explain fully the variation in the incidence of the cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Epidemiological studies have not been entirely consistent with regard to the relationship between antioxidant vitamin intake and CVD and there appears to be little data on this relationship in non-Caucasian populations. This study aimed to investigate the dietary intake of vitamin A, C, and vitamin E, and carotenoids, serum concentrations of vitamin E and A and indices of lipid peroxidation were measured in male Saudi patients with established CVD and age-matched controls. We assessed the dietary intakes of vitamins A, C, and E and carotenoids, by a food frequency questionnaire. Serum vitamins A and E concentrations were measured by HPLC, in 130 Saudi male subjects with established CVD, and 130 age-matched controls. We also determined serum lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C), lipoprotein (a), oxidized LDL, and serum lipid peroxide concentrations. Diabetes mellitus (P<0.0001), a positive smoking habit (P<0.0001) and hypertension (P<0.05) were more prevalent among CVD patients. Levels of dietary vitamin E and A were also significantly higher among cases. In conditional logistic regression analysis, the most significant characteristics differentiating CVD patients from controls were diabetes mellitus (Odds ratio 2.49, CI 1.42-4.37, P<0.001), total fat intake (Odds ratio 1.02, CI 1.01-1.03, P<0.01), serum vitamin A (Odds ratio 0.72, CI 0.53-0.99, P<0.05), and the vitamin A/total fat intake ratio (Odds ratio 1.04, CI 1.01-1.06, P<0.01). In a Saudi population, smoking habit and hypertension were significantly more common among patients with CVD. Multivariate analysis showed that dietary total fat and vitamin A and the presence of diabetes mellitus were independent coronary risk factors. This is the first report of a potentially deleterious effect of dietary vitamin A in a non-Caucasian population. However it is possible that unidentified residual confounding factors may account for this finding.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Alissa EM
Faculty of Medicine, King Abdul Aziz University, Jeddah, Kingdom of Saudi Arabia. em_alissa@yahoo.com
Bahjri SM
No affiliation info available
Al-Ama N
No affiliation info available
Ahmed WH
No affiliation info available
Starkey B
No affiliation info available
Ferns GA
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AntioxidantsAscorbic AcidBody Mass IndexCardiovascular DiseasesCarotenoidsCase-Control StudiesCholesterolChromatography, High Pressure LiquidDiabetes MellitusDietary FatsHumansHypertensionLipid PeroxidationLogistic ModelsMaleMiddle AgedMultivariate AnalysisPrevalenceRisk FactorsSaudi ArabiaSmokingSurveys and QuestionnairesVitamin AVitamin E

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

15927930

Citation

Alissa, Eman M., et al. "Dietary Vitamin a May Be a Cardiovascular Risk Factor in a Saudi Population." Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 14, no. 2, 2005, pp. 137-44.
Alissa EM, Bahjri SM, Al-Ama N, et al. Dietary vitamin A may be a cardiovascular risk factor in a Saudi population. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2005;14(2):137-44.
Alissa, E. M., Bahjri, S. M., Al-Ama, N., Ahmed, W. H., Starkey, B., & Ferns, G. A. (2005). Dietary vitamin A may be a cardiovascular risk factor in a Saudi population. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 14(2), 137-44.
Alissa EM, et al. Dietary Vitamin a May Be a Cardiovascular Risk Factor in a Saudi Population. Asia Pac J Clin Nutr. 2005;14(2):137-44. PubMed PMID: 15927930.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary vitamin A may be a cardiovascular risk factor in a Saudi population. AU - Alissa,Eman M, AU - Bahjri,Suhad M, AU - Al-Ama,Nabeel, AU - Ahmed,Waqar H, AU - Starkey,Bryan, AU - Ferns,Gordon A A, PY - 2005/6/2/pubmed PY - 2005/9/9/medline PY - 2005/6/2/entrez SP - 137 EP - 44 JF - Asia Pacific journal of clinical nutrition JO - Asia Pac J Clin Nutr VL - 14 IS - 2 N2 - Traditional risk factors do not appear to explain fully the variation in the incidence of the cardiovascular diseases (CVD). Epidemiological studies have not been entirely consistent with regard to the relationship between antioxidant vitamin intake and CVD and there appears to be little data on this relationship in non-Caucasian populations. This study aimed to investigate the dietary intake of vitamin A, C, and vitamin E, and carotenoids, serum concentrations of vitamin E and A and indices of lipid peroxidation were measured in male Saudi patients with established CVD and age-matched controls. We assessed the dietary intakes of vitamins A, C, and E and carotenoids, by a food frequency questionnaire. Serum vitamins A and E concentrations were measured by HPLC, in 130 Saudi male subjects with established CVD, and 130 age-matched controls. We also determined serum lipid profiles (total cholesterol, triglycerides, HDL-C, LDL-C), lipoprotein (a), oxidized LDL, and serum lipid peroxide concentrations. Diabetes mellitus (P<0.0001), a positive smoking habit (P<0.0001) and hypertension (P<0.05) were more prevalent among CVD patients. Levels of dietary vitamin E and A were also significantly higher among cases. In conditional logistic regression analysis, the most significant characteristics differentiating CVD patients from controls were diabetes mellitus (Odds ratio 2.49, CI 1.42-4.37, P<0.001), total fat intake (Odds ratio 1.02, CI 1.01-1.03, P<0.01), serum vitamin A (Odds ratio 0.72, CI 0.53-0.99, P<0.05), and the vitamin A/total fat intake ratio (Odds ratio 1.04, CI 1.01-1.06, P<0.01). In a Saudi population, smoking habit and hypertension were significantly more common among patients with CVD. Multivariate analysis showed that dietary total fat and vitamin A and the presence of diabetes mellitus were independent coronary risk factors. This is the first report of a potentially deleterious effect of dietary vitamin A in a non-Caucasian population. However it is possible that unidentified residual confounding factors may account for this finding. SN - 0964-7058 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/15927930/Dietary_vitamin_A_may_be_a_cardiovascular_risk_factor_in_a_Saudi_population_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -