TY - JOUR T1 - Temporal trends of invasive disease due to Streptococcus pneumoniae among children in the intermountain west: emergence of nonvaccine serogroups. AU - Byington,Carrie L, AU - Samore,Matthew H, AU - Stoddard,Gregory J, AU - Barlow,Steve, AU - Daly,Judy, AU - Korgenski,Kent, AU - Firth,Sean, AU - Glover,David, AU - Jensen,Jasmin, AU - Mason,Edward O, AU - Shutt,Cheryl K, AU - Pavia,Andrew T, Y1 - 2005/05/26/ PY - 2004/10/28/received PY - 2005/02/08/accepted PY - 2005/6/7/pubmed PY - 2006/4/28/medline PY - 2005/6/7/entrez SP - 21 EP - 9 JF - Clinical infectious diseases : an official publication of the Infectious Diseases Society of America JO - Clin Infect Dis VL - 41 IS - 1 N2 - BACKGROUND: Use of the heptavalent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV-7 [Prevnar]) has been associated with decreased a incidence of invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) among children in the United States. METHODS: Cases of IPD in children < 18 years of age insured by or receiving health care from Intermountain Health Care during 1996-2003 were identified. Isolates of S. pneumoniae from children with IPD treated at Primary Children's Medical Center (PCMC; Salt Lake City, UT) during 1997-2003 were serogrouped. Temporal trends of IPD, serogroup distribution of pneumococci, and antibiotic resistance among pneumococci were analyzed. RESULTS: A total of 1535 cases of IPD were identified. The rate of IPD decreased 27% after the introduction of PCV7. Among children with IPD who were cared for at PCMC, disease in 73% was caused by PCV7 serogroups in 1997-2000, compared with 50% in 2001-2003 (P < .001), and the percentage of isolates resistant to penicillin decreased from 34% in 1997-2000 to 22% in 2001-2003 (P = .04). The percentage of IPD cases that were empyema increased from 16% to 30% (P = .015), and the percentage of severe cases of IPD increased from 57% to 71% (P = .026). Children with IPD due to non-PCV7 serogroups were older, were more likely to have parapneumonic empyema, and had longer hospital stays. CONCLUSIONS: The incidence of IPD in the IMW decreased by 27% after the introduction of the PCV7 vaccine. During the postvaccine period (2001-2003), there were significant decreases in the proportion of cases of IPD caused by PCV7 and antibiotic-resistant serogroups. These benefits were accompanied by a significant increase in the proportion of IPD cases due to non-PCV7 serogroups, with increases in the incidence of empyema and severe IPD. SN - 1537-6591 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/15937758/Temporal_trends_of_invasive_disease_due_to_Streptococcus_pneumoniae_among_children_in_the_intermountain_west:_emergence_of_nonvaccine_serogroups_ L2 - https://academic.oup.com/cid/article-lookup/doi/10.1086/430604 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -