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Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during water treatment with chlorine dioxide.
Water Res. 2005 Sep; 39(15):3607-17.WR

Abstract

The potential of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) for the oxidation of pharmaceuticals during water treatment was assessed by determining second-order rate constants for the reaction with selected environmentally relevant pharmaceuticals. Out of 9 pharmaceuticals only the 4 following compounds showed an appreciable reactivity with ClO2 (in brackets apparent second-order rate constants at pH 7 and T = 20 degrees C): the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (6.7 x 10(3) M(-1) s(-1)), the macrolide antibiotic roxithromycin (2.2 x 10(2) M(-1) s(-1)), the estrogen 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (approximately 2 x 10(5) M(-1) s(-1)), and the antiphlogistic diclofenac (1.05 x 10(4) M(-1) s(-1)). Experiments performed using natural water showed that ClO2 also reacted fast with other sulfonamides and macrolides, the natural hormones estrone and 17beta-estradiol as well as 3 pyrazolone derivatives (phenazone, propylphenazone, and dimethylaminophenazone). However, many compounds in the study were ClO2 refractive. Experiments with lake water and groundwater that were partly performed at microgram/L to nanogram/L levels proved that the rate constants determined in pure water could be applied to predict the oxidation of pharmaceuticals in natural waters. Compared to ozone, ClO2 reacted more slowly and with fewer compounds. However, it reacted faster with the investigated compounds than chlorine. Overall, the results indicate that ClO2 will only be effective to oxidize certain compound classes such as the investigated classes of sulfonamide and macrolide antibiotics, and estrogens.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Huber MM
Swiss Federal Institute of Aquatic Science and Technology (EAWAG), Ueberlandstrasse 133, CH-8600 Duebendorf, Switzerland.
Korhonen S
No affiliation info available
Ternes TA
No affiliation info available
von Gunten U
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Anti-Bacterial AgentsAntipyrineChlorine CompoundsEstrogensFresh WaterOxidation-ReductionOxidesOzonePharmaceutical PreparationsWater PurificationWater Supply

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

16061268

Citation

Huber, Marc M., et al. "Oxidation of Pharmaceuticals During Water Treatment With Chlorine Dioxide." Water Research, vol. 39, no. 15, 2005, pp. 3607-17.
Huber MM, Korhonen S, Ternes TA, et al. Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during water treatment with chlorine dioxide. Water Res. 2005;39(15):3607-17.
Huber, M. M., Korhonen, S., Ternes, T. A., & von Gunten, U. (2005). Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during water treatment with chlorine dioxide. Water Research, 39(15), 3607-17.
Huber MM, et al. Oxidation of Pharmaceuticals During Water Treatment With Chlorine Dioxide. Water Res. 2005;39(15):3607-17. PubMed PMID: 16061268.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Oxidation of pharmaceuticals during water treatment with chlorine dioxide. AU - Huber,Marc M, AU - Korhonen,Susanna, AU - Ternes,Thomas A, AU - von Gunten,Urs, PY - 2004/11/03/received PY - 2005/05/01/revised PY - 2005/05/25/accepted PY - 2005/8/3/pubmed PY - 2006/1/28/medline PY - 2005/8/3/entrez SP - 3607 EP - 17 JF - Water research JO - Water Res VL - 39 IS - 15 N2 - The potential of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) for the oxidation of pharmaceuticals during water treatment was assessed by determining second-order rate constants for the reaction with selected environmentally relevant pharmaceuticals. Out of 9 pharmaceuticals only the 4 following compounds showed an appreciable reactivity with ClO2 (in brackets apparent second-order rate constants at pH 7 and T = 20 degrees C): the sulfonamide antibiotic sulfamethoxazole (6.7 x 10(3) M(-1) s(-1)), the macrolide antibiotic roxithromycin (2.2 x 10(2) M(-1) s(-1)), the estrogen 17alpha-ethinylestradiol (approximately 2 x 10(5) M(-1) s(-1)), and the antiphlogistic diclofenac (1.05 x 10(4) M(-1) s(-1)). Experiments performed using natural water showed that ClO2 also reacted fast with other sulfonamides and macrolides, the natural hormones estrone and 17beta-estradiol as well as 3 pyrazolone derivatives (phenazone, propylphenazone, and dimethylaminophenazone). However, many compounds in the study were ClO2 refractive. Experiments with lake water and groundwater that were partly performed at microgram/L to nanogram/L levels proved that the rate constants determined in pure water could be applied to predict the oxidation of pharmaceuticals in natural waters. Compared to ozone, ClO2 reacted more slowly and with fewer compounds. However, it reacted faster with the investigated compounds than chlorine. Overall, the results indicate that ClO2 will only be effective to oxidize certain compound classes such as the investigated classes of sulfonamide and macrolide antibiotics, and estrogens. SN - 0043-1354 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16061268/Oxidation_of_pharmaceuticals_during_water_treatment_with_chlorine_dioxide_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -