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Carotenoid, tocopherol, phenolic acid, and antioxidant properties of Maryland-grown soft wheat.
J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Aug 24; 53(17):6649-57.JA

Abstract

Consumers' desires to either reduce the risk of or manage a specific health condition through improved diet have stimulated the research of agricultural products for their potential health beneficial components such as tocopherols and natural antioxidants. Soft wheat is one of the major crops in Maryland, with little information available about its potentially beneficial components. This study examined eight selected Maryland-grown soft wheat varieties or experimental lines for their potential beneficial components including tocopherols, carotenoids, total phenolics and phenolic acids and their antioxidant properties, including Fe(2+) chelating capacity and free radical scavenging activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH(*)), radical cation ABTS(*)(+), and oxygen radical (ORAC). The results showed that all tested soft wheat grain samples contained alpha-tocopherol, with a range of 3.4-10.1 microg/g. Lutein was the primary carotenoid present in the grain samples at a level of 0.82-1.14 microg/g, along with significant amounts of zeaxanthin and beta-carotene. Vanillic, syringic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids were found in soluble free, soluble conjugated, and insoluble bound forms in the grain extracts, with ferulic acid as the predominant phenolic acid. The eight soft wheat varieties differed in their antioxidant properties. The tested wheat grain samples exhibited ED(50) values against DPPH(*) of 23-27 mg of grain equiv/mL, ORAC of 32.9-48 micromol of Trolox equiv (TE)/g, and ABTS(*)(+) scavenging capacity of 14.3-17.6 micromol of TE/g. These data suggest the possibility of producing soft wheat varieties rich in selected health beneficial factors for optimum human nutrition though breeding programs.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Moore J
Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of Maryland, College Park, Maryland 20742, USA.
Hao Z
No affiliation info available
Zhou K
No affiliation info available
Luther M
No affiliation info available
Costa J
No affiliation info available
Yu LL
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AntioxidantsCarotenoidsFree Radical ScavengersHydroxybenzoatesIron Chelating AgentsMarylandSeedsTocopherolsTriticum

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

16104780

Citation

Moore, Jeffrey, et al. "Carotenoid, Tocopherol, Phenolic Acid, and Antioxidant Properties of Maryland-grown Soft Wheat." Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, vol. 53, no. 17, 2005, pp. 6649-57.
Moore J, Hao Z, Zhou K, et al. Carotenoid, tocopherol, phenolic acid, and antioxidant properties of Maryland-grown soft wheat. J Agric Food Chem. 2005;53(17):6649-57.
Moore, J., Hao, Z., Zhou, K., Luther, M., Costa, J., & Yu, L. L. (2005). Carotenoid, tocopherol, phenolic acid, and antioxidant properties of Maryland-grown soft wheat. Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry, 53(17), 6649-57.
Moore J, et al. Carotenoid, Tocopherol, Phenolic Acid, and Antioxidant Properties of Maryland-grown Soft Wheat. J Agric Food Chem. 2005 Aug 24;53(17):6649-57. PubMed PMID: 16104780.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Carotenoid, tocopherol, phenolic acid, and antioxidant properties of Maryland-grown soft wheat. AU - Moore,Jeffrey, AU - Hao,Zhigang, AU - Zhou,Kequan, AU - Luther,Marla, AU - Costa,Jose, AU - Yu,Liangli Lucy, PY - 2005/8/18/pubmed PY - 2005/9/30/medline PY - 2005/8/18/entrez SP - 6649 EP - 57 JF - Journal of agricultural and food chemistry JO - J Agric Food Chem VL - 53 IS - 17 N2 - Consumers' desires to either reduce the risk of or manage a specific health condition through improved diet have stimulated the research of agricultural products for their potential health beneficial components such as tocopherols and natural antioxidants. Soft wheat is one of the major crops in Maryland, with little information available about its potentially beneficial components. This study examined eight selected Maryland-grown soft wheat varieties or experimental lines for their potential beneficial components including tocopherols, carotenoids, total phenolics and phenolic acids and their antioxidant properties, including Fe(2+) chelating capacity and free radical scavenging activities against 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical (DPPH(*)), radical cation ABTS(*)(+), and oxygen radical (ORAC). The results showed that all tested soft wheat grain samples contained alpha-tocopherol, with a range of 3.4-10.1 microg/g. Lutein was the primary carotenoid present in the grain samples at a level of 0.82-1.14 microg/g, along with significant amounts of zeaxanthin and beta-carotene. Vanillic, syringic, p-coumaric, and ferulic acids were found in soluble free, soluble conjugated, and insoluble bound forms in the grain extracts, with ferulic acid as the predominant phenolic acid. The eight soft wheat varieties differed in their antioxidant properties. The tested wheat grain samples exhibited ED(50) values against DPPH(*) of 23-27 mg of grain equiv/mL, ORAC of 32.9-48 micromol of Trolox equiv (TE)/g, and ABTS(*)(+) scavenging capacity of 14.3-17.6 micromol of TE/g. These data suggest the possibility of producing soft wheat varieties rich in selected health beneficial factors for optimum human nutrition though breeding programs. SN - 0021-8561 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16104780/Carotenoid_tocopherol_phenolic_acid_and_antioxidant_properties_of_Maryland_grown_soft_wheat_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -