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Systematic review of the effects of n-3 fatty acids in inflammatory bowel disease.
Am J Clin Nutr. 2005 Sep; 82(3):611-9.AJ

Abstract

BACKGROUND

n-3 Fatty acids are purported to have health effects in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but studies have reported mixed results.

OBJECTIVE

We aimed to synthesize published and unpublished evidence to determine estimates of the effect of n-3 fatty acids on clinical outcomes in IBD and whether n-3 fatty acids modify the effects of or need for treatment with other agents.

DESIGN

Computerized databases were searched for studies of n-3 fatty acids in immune-mediated diseases from 1966 to 2003. We also contacted experts in the nutraceutical industry to identify unpublished studies; however, none were identified.

RESULTS

Reviewers identified 13 controlled trials that assessed the effects of n-3 fatty acids on clinical, sigmoidoscopic, or histologic scores; rates of induced remission or relapse; or requirements for steroids and other immunosuppressive agents in Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis. Most clinical trials were of good quality. Fewer than 6 were identified that assessed the effects of n-3 fatty acids on any single outcome of clinical, endoscopic, or histologic scores or remission or relapse rates. Consistent across 3 studies was the finding that n-3 fatty acids reduce corticosteroid requirements, although statistical significance was shown in only 1 of these studies.

CONCLUSION

The available data are insufficient to draw conclusions about the effects of n-3 fatty acids on clinical, endoscopic, or histologic scores or remission or relapse rates.

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Publisher Full Text

Authors+Show Affiliations

MacLean CH
Southern California Evidence-Based Practice Center, Santa Monica, CA 90407-2138, USA. maclean@rand.org
Mojica WA
No affiliation info available
Newberry SJ
No affiliation info available
Pencharz J
No affiliation info available
Garland RH
No affiliation info available
Tu W
No affiliation info available
Hilton LG
No affiliation info available
Gralnek IM
No affiliation info available
Rhodes S
No affiliation info available
Khanna P
No affiliation info available
Morton SC
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Controlled Clinical Trials as TopicFatty Acids, Omega-3HumansImmunosuppressive AgentsInflammatory Bowel DiseasesRandomized Controlled Trials as TopicRecurrenceRemission InductionSeverity of Illness IndexTreatment Outcome

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Meta-Analysis
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Review
Systematic Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

16155275

Citation

MacLean, Catherine H., et al. "Systematic Review of the Effects of N-3 Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease." The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 82, no. 3, 2005, pp. 611-9.
MacLean CH, Mojica WA, Newberry SJ, et al. Systematic review of the effects of n-3 fatty acids in inflammatory bowel disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82(3):611-9.
MacLean, C. H., Mojica, W. A., Newberry, S. J., Pencharz, J., Garland, R. H., Tu, W., Hilton, L. G., Gralnek, I. M., Rhodes, S., Khanna, P., & Morton, S. C. (2005). Systematic review of the effects of n-3 fatty acids in inflammatory bowel disease. The American Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 82(3), 611-9.
MacLean CH, et al. Systematic Review of the Effects of N-3 Fatty Acids in Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Am J Clin Nutr. 2005;82(3):611-9. PubMed PMID: 16155275.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Systematic review of the effects of n-3 fatty acids in inflammatory bowel disease. AU - MacLean,Catherine H, AU - Mojica,Walter A, AU - Newberry,Sydne J, AU - Pencharz,James, AU - Garland,Rena Hasenfeld, AU - Tu,Wenli, AU - Hilton,Lara G, AU - Gralnek,Ian M, AU - Rhodes,Shannon, AU - Khanna,Puja, AU - Morton,Sally C, PY - 2005/9/13/pubmed PY - 2005/11/3/medline PY - 2005/9/13/entrez SP - 611 EP - 9 JF - The American journal of clinical nutrition JO - Am J Clin Nutr VL - 82 IS - 3 N2 - BACKGROUND: n-3 Fatty acids are purported to have health effects in patients with inflammatory bowel disease (IBD), but studies have reported mixed results. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to synthesize published and unpublished evidence to determine estimates of the effect of n-3 fatty acids on clinical outcomes in IBD and whether n-3 fatty acids modify the effects of or need for treatment with other agents. DESIGN: Computerized databases were searched for studies of n-3 fatty acids in immune-mediated diseases from 1966 to 2003. We also contacted experts in the nutraceutical industry to identify unpublished studies; however, none were identified. RESULTS: Reviewers identified 13 controlled trials that assessed the effects of n-3 fatty acids on clinical, sigmoidoscopic, or histologic scores; rates of induced remission or relapse; or requirements for steroids and other immunosuppressive agents in Crohn disease or ulcerative colitis. Most clinical trials were of good quality. Fewer than 6 were identified that assessed the effects of n-3 fatty acids on any single outcome of clinical, endoscopic, or histologic scores or remission or relapse rates. Consistent across 3 studies was the finding that n-3 fatty acids reduce corticosteroid requirements, although statistical significance was shown in only 1 of these studies. CONCLUSION: The available data are insufficient to draw conclusions about the effects of n-3 fatty acids on clinical, endoscopic, or histologic scores or remission or relapse rates. SN - 0002-9165 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16155275/full_citation L2 - https://academic.oup.com/ajcn/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/ajcn.82.3.611 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -