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Bone mineral density, body height, and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in middle-aged men.
Ann Med. 2005; 37(5):383-92.AM

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have been suggested to account for some of the genetic variation in bone mass. However, the relationship has been controversial. It has been suggested that environmental factors such as physical activity may be one of the many reasons for this controversy.AIM. We investigated the possible interactions of VDR gene polymorphisms and low to moderate intensity exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) in a four-year controlled, randomized intervention trial in 140 middle-aged Finnish men.

METHOD

The TaqI, FokI, and ApaI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-markers of the VDR gene were evaluated. BMDs of the lumbar spine (L2-L4), femoral neck, and total proximal femur were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In addition, the relations of the VDR gene polymorphism with bone turnover markers (serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) 5b activity and serum osteocalcin concentration) were evaluated.

RESULTS

At the randomization, the subjects with the VDR TaqI Tt or tt genotype had a greater body height than the subjects with TT genotype (P=0.001). In addition, the association of VDR TaqI polymorphism with femoral BMD was found. The Tt or tt genotype associated with higher femoral neck values than the TT genotype (P=0.003) at randomization. After adjusting the femoral neck for body height, the association remained (P=0.021). We did not find any association between VDR gene polymorphism and bone turnover markers or any interactions of VDR gene polymorphisms and exercise on BMD.

CONCLUSIONS

The TaqI polymorphism may be associated with body height and femoral neck BMD values. The present findings also suggest that the VDR polymorphisms do not modify the effect of regular aerobic exercise on BMD. However, more randomized controlled exercise trials are needed to investigate the role of exercise intensity on VDR gene polymorphisms, and the role of VDR gene polymorphisms on BMD.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Remes T
Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Kuopio and Kuopio University Hospital, Kuopio, Finland. tremes@hytti.uku.fi
Väisänen SB
No affiliation info available
Mahonen A
No affiliation info available
Huuskonen J
No affiliation info available
Kröger H
No affiliation info available
Jurvelin JS
No affiliation info available
Rauramaa R
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Body HeightBone DensityBone RemodelingExerciseHumansMaleMiddle AgedPolymorphism, GeneticReceptors, Calcitriol

Pub Type(s)

Clinical Trial
Journal Article
Randomized Controlled Trial
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

16179274

Citation

Remes, Terhi, et al. "Bone Mineral Density, Body Height, and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism in Middle-aged Men." Annals of Medicine, vol. 37, no. 5, 2005, pp. 383-92.
Remes T, Väisänen SB, Mahonen A, et al. Bone mineral density, body height, and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in middle-aged men. Ann Med. 2005;37(5):383-92.
Remes, T., Väisänen, S. B., Mahonen, A., Huuskonen, J., Kröger, H., Jurvelin, J. S., & Rauramaa, R. (2005). Bone mineral density, body height, and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in middle-aged men. Annals of Medicine, 37(5), 383-92.
Remes T, et al. Bone Mineral Density, Body Height, and Vitamin D Receptor Gene Polymorphism in Middle-aged Men. Ann Med. 2005;37(5):383-92. PubMed PMID: 16179274.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Bone mineral density, body height, and vitamin D receptor gene polymorphism in middle-aged men. AU - Remes,Terhi, AU - Väisänen,Sari B, AU - Mahonen,Anitta, AU - Huuskonen,Jouni, AU - Kröger,Heikki, AU - Jurvelin,Jukka S, AU - Rauramaa,Rainer, PY - 2005/9/24/pubmed PY - 2005/12/22/medline PY - 2005/9/24/entrez SP - 383 EP - 92 JF - Annals of medicine JO - Ann Med VL - 37 IS - 5 N2 - BACKGROUND: Polymorphisms of the vitamin D receptor (VDR) gene have been suggested to account for some of the genetic variation in bone mass. However, the relationship has been controversial. It has been suggested that environmental factors such as physical activity may be one of the many reasons for this controversy.AIM. We investigated the possible interactions of VDR gene polymorphisms and low to moderate intensity exercise on bone mineral density (BMD) in a four-year controlled, randomized intervention trial in 140 middle-aged Finnish men. METHOD: The TaqI, FokI, and ApaI restriction fragment length polymorphism (RFLP)-markers of the VDR gene were evaluated. BMDs of the lumbar spine (L2-L4), femoral neck, and total proximal femur were measured with dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DXA). In addition, the relations of the VDR gene polymorphism with bone turnover markers (serum tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase (TRAP) 5b activity and serum osteocalcin concentration) were evaluated. RESULTS: At the randomization, the subjects with the VDR TaqI Tt or tt genotype had a greater body height than the subjects with TT genotype (P=0.001). In addition, the association of VDR TaqI polymorphism with femoral BMD was found. The Tt or tt genotype associated with higher femoral neck values than the TT genotype (P=0.003) at randomization. After adjusting the femoral neck for body height, the association remained (P=0.021). We did not find any association between VDR gene polymorphism and bone turnover markers or any interactions of VDR gene polymorphisms and exercise on BMD. CONCLUSIONS: The TaqI polymorphism may be associated with body height and femoral neck BMD values. The present findings also suggest that the VDR polymorphisms do not modify the effect of regular aerobic exercise on BMD. However, more randomized controlled exercise trials are needed to investigate the role of exercise intensity on VDR gene polymorphisms, and the role of VDR gene polymorphisms on BMD. SN - 0785-3890 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16179274/Bone_mineral_density_body_height_and_vitamin_D_receptor_gene_polymorphism_in_middle_aged_men_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -