TY - JOUR T1 - TNF-alpha enhances estrogen-induced cell proliferation of estrogen-dependent breast tumor cells through a complex containing nuclear factor-kappa B. AU - Rubio,M F, AU - Werbajh,S, AU - Cafferata,E G A, AU - Quaglino,A, AU - Coló,G P, AU - Nojek,I M, AU - Kordon,E C, AU - Nahmod,V E, AU - Costas,M A, PY - 2005/12/7/pubmed PY - 2006/4/19/medline PY - 2005/12/7/entrez SP - 1367 EP - 77 JF - Oncogene JO - Oncogene VL - 25 IS - 9 N2 - Breast tumors are usually classified according to their response to estrogens as hormone-dependent or -independent. In this work, we investigated the role of the proinflammatory cytokine TNF-alpha on the estrogen-receptor-positive T47D breast ductal tumor cells. We have found that TNF-alpha exerts a mitogenic effect, inducing cyclin D1 expression and activation of the transcription factor NF-kappaB. Importantly, activation of NF-kappaB was required for estrogen-induced proliferation and cyclin D1 expression. TNF-alpha enhanced the estrogen response by increasing the levels and availability of NF-kappaB. Chromatin immunoprecipitation analysis suggested that the action of estrogens is mediated by a protein complex that contains the activated estrogen receptor, the nuclear receptor coactivator RAC3 and a member of the NF-kappaB family. Finally, our results demonstrate that activation of this transcription factor could be one of the key signals for estrogen-mediated response. SN - 0950-9232 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16331275/TNF_alpha_enhances_estrogen_induced_cell_proliferation_of_estrogen_dependent_breast_tumor_cells_through_a_complex_containing_nuclear_factor_kappa_B_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.onc.1209176 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -