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Effects of alpha-linolenic acid versus those of EPA/DHA on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects.
Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006 Aug; 60(8):978-84.EJ

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To compare the effects of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3n-3) to those of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects.

DESIGN

A randomized double-blind nutritional intervention study.

SETTING

Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands.

SUBJECTS

Thirty-seven mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects, 14 men and 23 women aged between 60 and 78 years.

INTERVENTIONS

During a run-in period of 3 weeks, subjects consumed an oleic acid-rich diet. The following 6 weeks, 10 subjects remained on the control diet, 13 subjects consumed an ALA-rich diet (6.8 g/day) and 14 subjects an EPA/DHA-rich diet (1.05 g EPA/day + 0.55 g DHA/day).

RESULTS

Both n-3 fatty acid diets did not change concentrations of total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol and apoA-1 when compared with the oleic acid-rich diet. However, after the EPA/DHA-rich diet, LDL-cholesterol increased by 0.39 mmol/l (P = 0.0323, 95% CI (0.030, 0.780 mmol/l)) when compared with the ALA-rich diet. Intake of EPA/DHA also increased apoB concentrations by 14 mg/dl (P = 0.0031, 95% CI (4, 23 mg/dl)) and 12 mg/dl (P = 0.005, 95% CI (3, 21 mg/dl)) versus the oleic acid and ALA-rich diet, respectively. Except for an EPA/DHA-induced increase in tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) of 14.6% (P = 0.0184 versus ALA diet, 95% CI (1.5, 18.3%)), changes in markers of hemostasis and endothelial integrity did not reach statistical significance following consumption of the two n-3 fatty acid diets.

CONCLUSIONS

In healthy elderly subjects, ALA might affect concentrations of LDL-cholesterol and apoB more favorably than EPA/DHA, whereas EPA/DHA seems to affect TFPI more beneficially.

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    Authors+Show Affiliations

    Goyens PL
    Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, Maastricht, The Netherlands.
    Mensink RP
    No affiliation info available

    MeSH

    AgedApolipoprotein A-ICardiovascular DiseasesCholesterolCholesterol, HDLCholesterol, LDLDocosahexaenoic AcidsDouble-Blind MethodEicosapentaenoic AcidFatty Acids, Omega-3FemaleHumansHypercholesterolemiaLipoproteinsMaleMiddle AgedOleic AcidRisk FactorsTreatment OutcomeTriglyceridesalpha-Linolenic Acid

    Pub Type(s)

    Journal Article
    Randomized Controlled Trial

    Language

    eng

    PubMed ID

    16482073

    Citation

    Goyens, P L L., and R P. Mensink. "Effects of Alpha-linolenic Acid Versus Those of EPA/DHA On Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Healthy Elderly Subjects." European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, vol. 60, no. 8, 2006, pp. 978-84.
    Goyens PL, Mensink RP. Effects of alpha-linolenic acid versus those of EPA/DHA on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60(8):978-84.
    Goyens, P. L., & Mensink, R. P. (2006). Effects of alpha-linolenic acid versus those of EPA/DHA on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects. European Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 60(8), 978-84.
    Goyens PL, Mensink RP. Effects of Alpha-linolenic Acid Versus Those of EPA/DHA On Cardiovascular Risk Markers in Healthy Elderly Subjects. Eur J Clin Nutr. 2006;60(8):978-84. PubMed PMID: 16482073.
    * Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
    TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of alpha-linolenic acid versus those of EPA/DHA on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects. AU - Goyens,P L L, AU - Mensink,R P, Y1 - 2006/02/15/ PY - 2006/2/17/pubmed PY - 2006/12/9/medline PY - 2006/2/17/entrez SP - 978 EP - 84 JF - European journal of clinical nutrition JO - Eur J Clin Nutr VL - 60 IS - 8 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To compare the effects of alpha-linolenic acid (ALA, C18:3n-3) to those of eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA, C20:5n-3) plus docosahexaenoic acid (DHA, C22:6n-3) on cardiovascular risk markers in healthy elderly subjects. DESIGN: A randomized double-blind nutritional intervention study. SETTING: Department of Human Biology, Maastricht University, the Netherlands. SUBJECTS: Thirty-seven mildly hypercholesterolemic subjects, 14 men and 23 women aged between 60 and 78 years. INTERVENTIONS: During a run-in period of 3 weeks, subjects consumed an oleic acid-rich diet. The following 6 weeks, 10 subjects remained on the control diet, 13 subjects consumed an ALA-rich diet (6.8 g/day) and 14 subjects an EPA/DHA-rich diet (1.05 g EPA/day + 0.55 g DHA/day). RESULTS: Both n-3 fatty acid diets did not change concentrations of total-cholesterol, LDL-cholesterol, HDL-cholesterol, triacylglycerol and apoA-1 when compared with the oleic acid-rich diet. However, after the EPA/DHA-rich diet, LDL-cholesterol increased by 0.39 mmol/l (P = 0.0323, 95% CI (0.030, 0.780 mmol/l)) when compared with the ALA-rich diet. Intake of EPA/DHA also increased apoB concentrations by 14 mg/dl (P = 0.0031, 95% CI (4, 23 mg/dl)) and 12 mg/dl (P = 0.005, 95% CI (3, 21 mg/dl)) versus the oleic acid and ALA-rich diet, respectively. Except for an EPA/DHA-induced increase in tissue factor pathway inhibitor (TFPI) of 14.6% (P = 0.0184 versus ALA diet, 95% CI (1.5, 18.3%)), changes in markers of hemostasis and endothelial integrity did not reach statistical significance following consumption of the two n-3 fatty acid diets. CONCLUSIONS: In healthy elderly subjects, ALA might affect concentrations of LDL-cholesterol and apoB more favorably than EPA/DHA, whereas EPA/DHA seems to affect TFPI more beneficially. SN - 0954-3007 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16482073/Effects_of_alpha_linolenic_acid_versus_those_of_EPA/DHA_on_cardiovascular_risk_markers_in_healthy_elderly_subjects_ L2 - http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/sj.ejcn.1602408 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -