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Tools for investigating the environmental transmission of Cryptosporidium and Giardia infections in humans.
Trends Parasitol. 2006 Apr; 22(4):160-7.TP

Abstract

Cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are major public health concerns. The role of water and food in the epidemiology of these diseases is now well recognized. Molecular techniques are available to determine the species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia and to distinguish human from non-human pathogens. Validated methods to determine the species, genotype and subgenotype that are present in heterologous mixtures should be applied to environmental samples to enable the monitoring and characterization of infection sources, disease tracking and the establishment of causative links to both waterborne and foodborne outbreaks. Meaningful interpretation of population structures and occurrence-prevalence baselines can be performed only by analysing a well-planned set of samples from all possible sources taken regularly over time, rather than focusing on outbreak investigations. For food, this includes such analyses in the country of origin.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Smith HV
Scottish Parasite Diagnostic Laboratory, Stobhill Hospital, Glasgow, UK, G21 3UW. huw.smith@northglasgow.scot.nhs.uk
Cacciò SM
No affiliation info available
Tait A
No affiliation info available
McLauchlin J
No affiliation info available
Thompson RC
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsCryptosporidiosisCryptosporidiumEnvironmentFood ParasitologyGiardiaGiardiasisHumansMolecular Diagnostic TechniquesWater

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

16503418

Citation

Smith, Huw V., et al. "Tools for Investigating the Environmental Transmission of Cryptosporidium and Giardia Infections in Humans." Trends in Parasitology, vol. 22, no. 4, 2006, pp. 160-7.
Smith HV, Cacciò SM, Tait A, et al. Tools for investigating the environmental transmission of Cryptosporidium and Giardia infections in humans. Trends Parasitol. 2006;22(4):160-7.
Smith, H. V., Cacciò, S. M., Tait, A., McLauchlin, J., & Thompson, R. C. (2006). Tools for investigating the environmental transmission of Cryptosporidium and Giardia infections in humans. Trends in Parasitology, 22(4), 160-7.
Smith HV, et al. Tools for Investigating the Environmental Transmission of Cryptosporidium and Giardia Infections in Humans. Trends Parasitol. 2006;22(4):160-7. PubMed PMID: 16503418.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Tools for investigating the environmental transmission of Cryptosporidium and Giardia infections in humans. AU - Smith,Huw V, AU - Cacciò,Simone M, AU - Tait,Andy, AU - McLauchlin,Jim, AU - Thompson,R C Andrew, Y1 - 2006/02/28/ PY - 2005/07/06/received PY - 2006/01/05/revised PY - 2006/02/10/accepted PY - 2006/3/1/pubmed PY - 2007/5/22/medline PY - 2006/3/1/entrez SP - 160 EP - 7 JF - Trends in parasitology JO - Trends Parasitol VL - 22 IS - 4 N2 - Cryptosporidiosis and giardiasis are major public health concerns. The role of water and food in the epidemiology of these diseases is now well recognized. Molecular techniques are available to determine the species and genotypes of Cryptosporidium and Giardia and to distinguish human from non-human pathogens. Validated methods to determine the species, genotype and subgenotype that are present in heterologous mixtures should be applied to environmental samples to enable the monitoring and characterization of infection sources, disease tracking and the establishment of causative links to both waterborne and foodborne outbreaks. Meaningful interpretation of population structures and occurrence-prevalence baselines can be performed only by analysing a well-planned set of samples from all possible sources taken regularly over time, rather than focusing on outbreak investigations. For food, this includes such analyses in the country of origin. SN - 1471-4922 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16503418/Tools_for_investigating_the_environmental_transmission_of_Cryptosporidium_and_Giardia_infections_in_humans_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -