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Primary and secondary auditory cortex stimulation for intractable tinnitus.
ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2006; 68(1):48-54; discussion 54-5.OJ

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Recent research suggests tinnitus is a phantom phenomenon based on hyperactivity of the auditory system, which can be visualized by functional neuroimaging, and transiently modulated by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We present the results of the first implanted electrodes on the primary and secondary auditory cortex after a successful TMS suppression.

METHODS AND MATERIALS

Twelve patients underwent an auditory cortex implantation, 10 for unilateral and 2 for bilateral tinnitus, based on >50% suppression applying TMS. Results were analyzed for pure tone tinnitus and white noise tinnitus.

RESULTS

TMS results in 77% pure tone tinnitus and 67% white noise reduction. Electrical stimulation via an implanted electrode results in a mean of 97% pure tone tinnitus and 24% white noise suppression. Mean Visual Analogue Scale score decreases from 9.5 to 1.5 for pure tone and from 8.8 to 6.8 for white noise postoperatively.

DISCUSSION

Pure tone tinnitus might be the conscious percept of focal neuronal hyperactivity of the auditory cortex. Once visualized, this hyperactivity can be modulated by neurostimulation.

CONCLUSION

The preliminary results of the first implantations suggest that patients with unilateral pure tone tinnitus are good surgical candidates for electrode implantation and permanent electrical stimulation of the auditory cortex, provided that the tinnitus is of recent origin and can be suppressed by TMS.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

De Ridder D
Department of Neurosurgery and Otorhinolaryngology, University Hospital Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium.
De Mulder G
No affiliation info available
Verstraeten E
No affiliation info available
Van der Kelen K
No affiliation info available
Sunaert S
No affiliation info available
Smits M
No affiliation info available
Kovacs S
No affiliation info available
Verlooy J
No affiliation info available
Van de Heyning P
No affiliation info available
Moller AR
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAuditory CortexElectric Stimulation TherapyElectrodes, ImplantedFemaleHumansMagnetic Resonance ImagingMaleMiddle AgedTinnitusTomography, X-Ray ComputedTranscranial Magnetic Stimulation

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

16514263

Citation

De Ridder, Dirk, et al. "Primary and Secondary Auditory Cortex Stimulation for Intractable Tinnitus." ORL; Journal for Oto-rhino-laryngology and Its Related Specialties, vol. 68, no. 1, 2006, pp. 48-54; discussion 54-5.
De Ridder D, De Mulder G, Verstraeten E, et al. Primary and secondary auditory cortex stimulation for intractable tinnitus. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2006;68(1):48-54; discussion 54-5.
De Ridder, D., De Mulder, G., Verstraeten, E., Van der Kelen, K., Sunaert, S., Smits, M., Kovacs, S., Verlooy, J., Van de Heyning, P., & Moller, A. R. (2006). Primary and secondary auditory cortex stimulation for intractable tinnitus. ORL; Journal for Oto-rhino-laryngology and Its Related Specialties, 68(1), 48-54; discussion 54-5.
De Ridder D, et al. Primary and Secondary Auditory Cortex Stimulation for Intractable Tinnitus. ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec. 2006;68(1):48-54; discussion 54-5. PubMed PMID: 16514263.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Primary and secondary auditory cortex stimulation for intractable tinnitus. AU - De Ridder,Dirk, AU - De Mulder,Gert, AU - Verstraeten,Edwin, AU - Van der Kelen,Karolien, AU - Sunaert,Stefan, AU - Smits,Marion, AU - Kovacs,Silvia, AU - Verlooy,Jan, AU - Van de Heyning,Paul, AU - Moller,Aage R, Y1 - 2006/03/03/ PY - 2006/3/4/pubmed PY - 2007/8/19/medline PY - 2006/3/4/entrez SP - 48-54; discussion 54-5 JF - ORL; journal for oto-rhino-laryngology and its related specialties JO - ORL J Otorhinolaryngol Relat Spec VL - 68 IS - 1 N2 - INTRODUCTION: Recent research suggests tinnitus is a phantom phenomenon based on hyperactivity of the auditory system, which can be visualized by functional neuroimaging, and transiently modulated by transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS). We present the results of the first implanted electrodes on the primary and secondary auditory cortex after a successful TMS suppression. METHODS AND MATERIALS: Twelve patients underwent an auditory cortex implantation, 10 for unilateral and 2 for bilateral tinnitus, based on >50% suppression applying TMS. Results were analyzed for pure tone tinnitus and white noise tinnitus. RESULTS: TMS results in 77% pure tone tinnitus and 67% white noise reduction. Electrical stimulation via an implanted electrode results in a mean of 97% pure tone tinnitus and 24% white noise suppression. Mean Visual Analogue Scale score decreases from 9.5 to 1.5 for pure tone and from 8.8 to 6.8 for white noise postoperatively. DISCUSSION: Pure tone tinnitus might be the conscious percept of focal neuronal hyperactivity of the auditory cortex. Once visualized, this hyperactivity can be modulated by neurostimulation. CONCLUSION: The preliminary results of the first implantations suggest that patients with unilateral pure tone tinnitus are good surgical candidates for electrode implantation and permanent electrical stimulation of the auditory cortex, provided that the tinnitus is of recent origin and can be suppressed by TMS. SN - 0301-1569 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16514263/Primary_and_secondary_auditory_cortex_stimulation_for_intractable_tinnitus_ L2 - https://www.karger.com?DOI=10.1159/000090491 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -