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Bioconversion of red seaweed galactans: a focus on bacterial agarases and carrageenases.
Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006 Jun; 71(1):23-33.AM

Abstract

Agars and carrageenans are 1,3-alpha-1,4-beta-galactans from the cell walls of red algae, substituted by zero (agarose), one (kappa-), two (iota-), or three (lambda-carrageenan) sulfate groups per disaccharidic monomer. Agars, kappa-, and iota-carrageenans auto-associate into crystalline fibers and are well known for their gelling properties, used in a variety of laboratory and industrial applications. These sulfated galactans constitute a crucial carbon source for a number of marine bacteria. These microorganisms secrete glycoside hydrolases specific for these polyanionic, insoluble polysaccharides, agarases and carrageenases. This article reviews the microorganisms involved in the degradation of agars and carrageenans, in their environmental and taxonomic diversity. We also present an overview on the biochemistry of the different families of galactanases. The structure-function relationships of the family GH16 beta-agarases and kappa-caraggeenases and of the family GH82 iota-carrageenases are discussed in more details. In particular, we examine how the active site topologies of these glycoside hydrolases influence their mode of action in heterogeneous phase. Finally, we discuss the next challenges in the basic and applied field of the galactans of red algae and of their related degrading microorganisms.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Michel G
Equipe Glycobiologie Marine, UMR7139 Végétaux Marins et Biomolécules (CNRS/UPMC), Station Biologique, Roscoff, Bretagne, France.
Nyval-Collen P
No affiliation info available
Barbeyron T
No affiliation info available
Czjzek M
No affiliation info available
Helbert W
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AgarBacteriaBacterial ProteinsBinding SitesBiodegradation, EnvironmentalCarrageenanGalactansGlycoside HydrolasesMarine BiologyModels, MolecularRhodophytaSeaweedStructure-Activity RelationshipSulfates

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

16550377

Citation

Michel, Gurvan, et al. "Bioconversion of Red Seaweed Galactans: a Focus On Bacterial Agarases and Carrageenases." Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, vol. 71, no. 1, 2006, pp. 23-33.
Michel G, Nyval-Collen P, Barbeyron T, et al. Bioconversion of red seaweed galactans: a focus on bacterial agarases and carrageenases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006;71(1):23-33.
Michel, G., Nyval-Collen, P., Barbeyron, T., Czjzek, M., & Helbert, W. (2006). Bioconversion of red seaweed galactans: a focus on bacterial agarases and carrageenases. Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology, 71(1), 23-33.
Michel G, et al. Bioconversion of Red Seaweed Galactans: a Focus On Bacterial Agarases and Carrageenases. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol. 2006;71(1):23-33. PubMed PMID: 16550377.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Bioconversion of red seaweed galactans: a focus on bacterial agarases and carrageenases. AU - Michel,Gurvan, AU - Nyval-Collen,Pi, AU - Barbeyron,Tristan, AU - Czjzek,Mirjam, AU - Helbert,William, Y1 - 2006/03/21/ PY - 2005/12/23/received PY - 2006/02/13/accepted PY - 2006/02/08/revised PY - 2006/3/22/pubmed PY - 2006/8/19/medline PY - 2006/3/22/entrez SP - 23 EP - 33 JF - Applied microbiology and biotechnology JO - Appl Microbiol Biotechnol VL - 71 IS - 1 N2 - Agars and carrageenans are 1,3-alpha-1,4-beta-galactans from the cell walls of red algae, substituted by zero (agarose), one (kappa-), two (iota-), or three (lambda-carrageenan) sulfate groups per disaccharidic monomer. Agars, kappa-, and iota-carrageenans auto-associate into crystalline fibers and are well known for their gelling properties, used in a variety of laboratory and industrial applications. These sulfated galactans constitute a crucial carbon source for a number of marine bacteria. These microorganisms secrete glycoside hydrolases specific for these polyanionic, insoluble polysaccharides, agarases and carrageenases. This article reviews the microorganisms involved in the degradation of agars and carrageenans, in their environmental and taxonomic diversity. We also present an overview on the biochemistry of the different families of galactanases. The structure-function relationships of the family GH16 beta-agarases and kappa-caraggeenases and of the family GH82 iota-carrageenases are discussed in more details. In particular, we examine how the active site topologies of these glycoside hydrolases influence their mode of action in heterogeneous phase. Finally, we discuss the next challenges in the basic and applied field of the galactans of red algae and of their related degrading microorganisms. SN - 0175-7598 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16550377/Bioconversion_of_red_seaweed_galactans:_a_focus_on_bacterial_agarases_and_carrageenases_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -