TY - JOUR T1 - Principles of ergonomic instrument handles. PY - 2006/6/7/pubmed PY - 2006/6/7/medline PY - 2006/6/7/entrez SP - 169 EP - 73 JF - Minimally invasive therapy & allied technologies : MITAT : official journal of the Society for Minimally Invasive Therapy JO - Minim Invasive Ther Allied Technol VL - 10 IS - 3 N2 - Minimally invasive surgery (MIS) has become firmly established during the last decade. The advantages for patients are well recognised. Surgeons, however, must cope with disadvantages caused by an unergonomic working place. This includes architecture, operating room (OR) design, team interaction, equipment and, finally, posture and instrument handles. To prevent pressure areas, persisting nerve lesions, muscle cramps and fatigue caused by unergonomic tools it is necessary for the surgeon, both as a purchaser and user of laparoscopic instruments, to know the principles of ergonomically designed handles for MIS instruments. Anatomical, physiological and ergonomic facts are presented. An ideal ergonomic working posture for the laparoscopic surgeon and an optimal grasp for manipulating the instrument's functional elements are recommended. Criteria for genuine 'ergonomic handles' are established. These criteria enable the surgeon to evaluate ergonomic handles for MIS instruments according to his/her particular needs. SN - 1365-2931 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16754010/Principles_of_ergonomic_instrument_handles_ L2 - https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/136457001753192295 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -