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Low-energy-density diets are associated with high diet quality in adults in the United States.
J Am Diet Assoc. 2006 Aug; 106(8):1172-80.JA

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

This study investigated food choices made by individuals consuming diets differing in energy density and explores relationships between energy density and diet quality.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional, nationally representative survey.

SUBJECTS

7,500 adults (older than 19 years) in the 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals.

STATISTICAL ANALYSIS

Energy density values were calculated from reported food intake. Subjects were classified as consuming a low-energy-density diet, medium-energy-density diet, or high-energy-density diet using tertile cutoffs. For each group, the percentage consuming various foods/beverages and the mean amount of foods/beverages they consumed was determined along with mean nutrient intakes.

RESULTS

Compared with participants consuming a high-energy-density diet, those with a low-energy-density diet had a lower energy intake but consumed more food, by weight, from most food groups. A low-energy-density diet included a relatively high proportion of foods high in micronutrients and water and low in fat, such as fruits and vegetables. Subjects with a low-energy-density diet consumed fewer (nonwater) beverages such as caloric carbonated beverages. They also consumed less fat and had higher intakes of several important micronutrients, including vitamins A, C, and B-6, folate, iron, calcium, and potassium.

CONCLUSIONS

These analyses further demonstrate the beneficial effects of a low-energy-density diet, which was associated with lower energy intakes, higher food intakes, and higher diet quality than a high-energy-density diet. To achieve a low-energy-density diet, individuals should be encouraged to eat a variety of fruits and vegetables as well as low-fat/reduced-fat, nutrient-dense, and/or water-rich grains, dairy products, and meats/meat alternatives.

Links

Publisher Full Text

Authors+Show Affiliations

Ledikwe JH
Department of Nutritional Sciences, The Pennsylvania State University, State College, PA 16802, USA. mvh111@psu.edu
Blanck HM
No affiliation info available
Khan LK
No affiliation info available
Serdula MK
No affiliation info available
Seymour JD
No affiliation info available
Tohill BC
No affiliation info available
Rolls BJ
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAgedAnalysis of VarianceChi-Square DistributionCross-Sectional StudiesDietDiet SurveysDietary FatsDietary FiberEnergy IntakeFemaleFood PreferencesFruitHumansMaleMicronutrientsMiddle AgedNutritive ValueSex FactorsVegetables

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

16863711

Citation

Ledikwe, Jenny H., et al. "Low-energy-density Diets Are Associated With High Diet Quality in Adults in the United States." Journal of the American Dietetic Association, vol. 106, no. 8, 2006, pp. 1172-80.
Ledikwe JH, Blanck HM, Khan LK, et al. Low-energy-density diets are associated with high diet quality in adults in the United States. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006;106(8):1172-80.
Ledikwe, J. H., Blanck, H. M., Khan, L. K., Serdula, M. K., Seymour, J. D., Tohill, B. C., & Rolls, B. J. (2006). Low-energy-density diets are associated with high diet quality in adults in the United States. Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 106(8), 1172-80.
Ledikwe JH, et al. Low-energy-density Diets Are Associated With High Diet Quality in Adults in the United States. J Am Diet Assoc. 2006;106(8):1172-80. PubMed PMID: 16863711.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Low-energy-density diets are associated with high diet quality in adults in the United States. AU - Ledikwe,Jenny H, AU - Blanck,Heidi M, AU - Khan,Laura Kettel, AU - Serdula,Mary K, AU - Seymour,Jennifer D, AU - Tohill,Beth C, AU - Rolls,Barbara J, PY - 2005/04/11/received PY - 2006/7/26/pubmed PY - 2006/8/30/medline PY - 2006/7/26/entrez SP - 1172 EP - 80 JF - Journal of the American Dietetic Association JO - J Am Diet Assoc VL - 106 IS - 8 N2 - OBJECTIVE: This study investigated food choices made by individuals consuming diets differing in energy density and explores relationships between energy density and diet quality. DESIGN: Cross-sectional, nationally representative survey. SUBJECTS: 7,500 adults (older than 19 years) in the 1994-1996 Continuing Survey of Food Intakes by Individuals. STATISTICAL ANALYSIS: Energy density values were calculated from reported food intake. Subjects were classified as consuming a low-energy-density diet, medium-energy-density diet, or high-energy-density diet using tertile cutoffs. For each group, the percentage consuming various foods/beverages and the mean amount of foods/beverages they consumed was determined along with mean nutrient intakes. RESULTS: Compared with participants consuming a high-energy-density diet, those with a low-energy-density diet had a lower energy intake but consumed more food, by weight, from most food groups. A low-energy-density diet included a relatively high proportion of foods high in micronutrients and water and low in fat, such as fruits and vegetables. Subjects with a low-energy-density diet consumed fewer (nonwater) beverages such as caloric carbonated beverages. They also consumed less fat and had higher intakes of several important micronutrients, including vitamins A, C, and B-6, folate, iron, calcium, and potassium. CONCLUSIONS: These analyses further demonstrate the beneficial effects of a low-energy-density diet, which was associated with lower energy intakes, higher food intakes, and higher diet quality than a high-energy-density diet. To achieve a low-energy-density diet, individuals should be encouraged to eat a variety of fruits and vegetables as well as low-fat/reduced-fat, nutrient-dense, and/or water-rich grains, dairy products, and meats/meat alternatives. SN - 0002-8223 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16863711/Low_energy_density_diets_are_associated_with_high_diet_quality_in_adults_in_the_United_States_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0002-8223(06)00889-3 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -