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Etiology and outcome of fever after a stay in the tropics.
Arch Intern Med. 2006 Aug 14-28; 166(15):1642-8.AI

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Information on epidemiology and prognosis of imported fever is scarce and almost exclusively limited to hospital settings.

METHODS

From 2000 to 2005, all travelers presenting at our referral outpatient and inpatient centers with ongoing fever within 12 months after a stay in the tropics were prospectively followed. Case definitions and treatment were based on international recommendations. Outcome was assessed by at least 1 follow-up consultation or telephone call within 3 months after initial contact.

RESULTS

A total of 1842 fever episodes were included, involving 1743 patients. Regions of exposure were mainly sub-Saharan Africa (68%) and the Southeast Asia-Pacific region (12%). Tropical diseases accounted for 39% of all cases and cosmopolitan infections for 34%. Diagnosis often remained unknown (24%). The pattern of tropical diseases was mainly influenced by the travel destination, with malaria (35%, mainly Plasmodium falciparum) and rickettsial infection (4%) as the leading diagnoses after a stay in Africa; dengue (12%), malaria (9%), and enteric fever (4%) after travel to Asia; and dengue (8%) and malaria (4%) on return from Latin America. Disease pattern varied also according to the category of travelers, the delay between exposure and fever onset, and the setting. Hospitalization was required for 503 fever episodes (27%). Plasmodium falciparum malaria accounted for 36% of all admissions and was the only tropical cause of death (5 of 9 patients). Fever of unknown cause had invariably a favorable outcome.

CONCLUSION

The clinical spectrum of imported fever is highly destination specific but also depends on other factors. Plasmodium falciparum malaria was the leading cause of mortality in the study population.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Department of Clinical Sciences, Institute of Tropical Medicine, Nationalestraat 155, 2000 Antwerp, Belgium. EBottieau@itg.beNo affiliation info availableNo affiliation info availableNo affiliation info availableNo affiliation info availableNo affiliation info availableNo affiliation info availableNo affiliation info availableNo affiliation info availableNo affiliation info availableNo affiliation info available

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

16908798

Citation

Bottieau, Emmanuel, et al. "Etiology and Outcome of Fever After a Stay in the Tropics." Archives of Internal Medicine, vol. 166, no. 15, 2006, pp. 1642-8.
Bottieau E, Clerinx J, Schrooten W, et al. Etiology and outcome of fever after a stay in the tropics. Arch Intern Med. 2006;166(15):1642-8.
Bottieau, E., Clerinx, J., Schrooten, W., Van den Enden, E., Wouters, R., Van Esbroeck, M., Vervoort, T., Demey, H., Colebunders, R., Van Gompel, A., & Van den Ende, J. (2006). Etiology and outcome of fever after a stay in the tropics. Archives of Internal Medicine, 166(15), 1642-8.
Bottieau E, et al. Etiology and Outcome of Fever After a Stay in the Tropics. Arch Intern Med. 2006 Aug 14-28;166(15):1642-8. PubMed PMID: 16908798.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Etiology and outcome of fever after a stay in the tropics. AU - Bottieau,Emmanuel, AU - Clerinx,Jan, AU - Schrooten,Ward, AU - Van den Enden,Erwin, AU - Wouters,Raymond, AU - Van Esbroeck,Marjan, AU - Vervoort,Tony, AU - Demey,Hendrik, AU - Colebunders,Robert, AU - Van Gompel,Alfons, AU - Van den Ende,Jef, PY - 2006/8/16/pubmed PY - 2006/9/15/medline PY - 2006/8/16/entrez SP - 1642 EP - 8 JF - Archives of internal medicine JO - Arch Intern Med VL - 166 IS - 15 N2 - BACKGROUND: Information on epidemiology and prognosis of imported fever is scarce and almost exclusively limited to hospital settings. METHODS: From 2000 to 2005, all travelers presenting at our referral outpatient and inpatient centers with ongoing fever within 12 months after a stay in the tropics were prospectively followed. Case definitions and treatment were based on international recommendations. Outcome was assessed by at least 1 follow-up consultation or telephone call within 3 months after initial contact. RESULTS: A total of 1842 fever episodes were included, involving 1743 patients. Regions of exposure were mainly sub-Saharan Africa (68%) and the Southeast Asia-Pacific region (12%). Tropical diseases accounted for 39% of all cases and cosmopolitan infections for 34%. Diagnosis often remained unknown (24%). The pattern of tropical diseases was mainly influenced by the travel destination, with malaria (35%, mainly Plasmodium falciparum) and rickettsial infection (4%) as the leading diagnoses after a stay in Africa; dengue (12%), malaria (9%), and enteric fever (4%) after travel to Asia; and dengue (8%) and malaria (4%) on return from Latin America. Disease pattern varied also according to the category of travelers, the delay between exposure and fever onset, and the setting. Hospitalization was required for 503 fever episodes (27%). Plasmodium falciparum malaria accounted for 36% of all admissions and was the only tropical cause of death (5 of 9 patients). Fever of unknown cause had invariably a favorable outcome. CONCLUSION: The clinical spectrum of imported fever is highly destination specific but also depends on other factors. Plasmodium falciparum malaria was the leading cause of mortality in the study population. SN - 0003-9926 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/16908798/Etiology_and_outcome_of_fever_after_a_stay_in_the_tropics_ L2 - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamainternalmedicine/fullarticle/10.1001/archinte.166.15.1642 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -