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Antiviral effect of aqueous extracts from species of the Lamiaceae family against Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro.
Planta Med. 2006 Dec; 72(15):1378-82.PM

Abstract

Aqueous extracts from species of the Lamiaceae family were examined for their antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Extracts from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), peppermint (Mentha x piperita), prunella (Prunella vulgaris), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), sage (Salvia officinalis) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) were screened. Their inhibitory activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), type 2 (HSV-2) and an acyclovir-resistant strain of HSV-1 (ACV (res)) was tested in vitro on RC-37 cells in a plaque reduction assay. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC (50)) of the extracts for HSV plaque formation were determined in dose-response studies. All test compounds showed a high antiviral activity against HSV-1, HSV-2 and ACV (res). In order to identify the mode of antiviral action, the extracts were added to the cells or viruses at different stages of infection. Both types of Herpes virus including ACV (res) were considerably neutralized after treatment with the extracts prior to infection. At maximum non-cytotoxic concentrations of the extracts, plaque formation was significantly reduced by > 90% for HSV-1 and HSV-2 and > 85% for ACV (res). In time-response studies over a period of 2 hours, a clearly time-dependent activity was demonstrated. These results indicate that the extracts affect HSV before adsorption, but have no effect on the intracellular virus replication. Therefore, the extracts exert their antiviral effect on free HSV and offer a chance to use them for topical therapeutic application against recurrent HERPES infections.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Nolkemper S
Institute of Pharmacy and Molecular Biotechnology, Department of Biology, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Reichling J
No affiliation info available
Stintzing FC
No affiliation info available
Carle R
No affiliation info available
Schnitzler P
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Antiviral AgentsHerpes SimplexHerpesvirus 1, HumanHerpesvirus 2, HumanHumansLamiaceaeMicrobial Sensitivity TestsPhytotherapyPlant ExtractsPlant Leaves

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17091431

Citation

Nolkemper, Silke, et al. "Antiviral Effect of Aqueous Extracts From Species of the Lamiaceae Family Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2 in Vitro." Planta Medica, vol. 72, no. 15, 2006, pp. 1378-82.
Nolkemper S, Reichling J, Stintzing FC, et al. Antiviral effect of aqueous extracts from species of the Lamiaceae family against Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro. Planta Med. 2006;72(15):1378-82.
Nolkemper, S., Reichling, J., Stintzing, F. C., Carle, R., & Schnitzler, P. (2006). Antiviral effect of aqueous extracts from species of the Lamiaceae family against Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro. Planta Medica, 72(15), 1378-82.
Nolkemper S, et al. Antiviral Effect of Aqueous Extracts From Species of the Lamiaceae Family Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 and Type 2 in Vitro. Planta Med. 2006;72(15):1378-82. PubMed PMID: 17091431.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Antiviral effect of aqueous extracts from species of the Lamiaceae family against Herpes simplex virus type 1 and type 2 in vitro. AU - Nolkemper,Silke, AU - Reichling,Jürgen, AU - Stintzing,Florian C, AU - Carle,Reinhold, AU - Schnitzler,Paul, Y1 - 2006/11/07/ PY - 2006/11/9/pubmed PY - 2007/3/6/medline PY - 2006/11/9/entrez SP - 1378 EP - 82 JF - Planta medica JO - Planta Med VL - 72 IS - 15 N2 - Aqueous extracts from species of the Lamiaceae family were examined for their antiviral activity against Herpes simplex virus (HSV). Extracts from lemon balm (Melissa officinalis), peppermint (Mentha x piperita), prunella (Prunella vulgaris), rosemary (Rosmarinus officinalis), sage (Salvia officinalis) and thyme (Thymus vulgaris) were screened. Their inhibitory activity against Herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1), type 2 (HSV-2) and an acyclovir-resistant strain of HSV-1 (ACV (res)) was tested in vitro on RC-37 cells in a plaque reduction assay. The 50% inhibitory concentrations (IC (50)) of the extracts for HSV plaque formation were determined in dose-response studies. All test compounds showed a high antiviral activity against HSV-1, HSV-2 and ACV (res). In order to identify the mode of antiviral action, the extracts were added to the cells or viruses at different stages of infection. Both types of Herpes virus including ACV (res) were considerably neutralized after treatment with the extracts prior to infection. At maximum non-cytotoxic concentrations of the extracts, plaque formation was significantly reduced by > 90% for HSV-1 and HSV-2 and > 85% for ACV (res). In time-response studies over a period of 2 hours, a clearly time-dependent activity was demonstrated. These results indicate that the extracts affect HSV before adsorption, but have no effect on the intracellular virus replication. Therefore, the extracts exert their antiviral effect on free HSV and offer a chance to use them for topical therapeutic application against recurrent HERPES infections. SN - 0032-0943 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17091431/Antiviral_effect_of_aqueous_extracts_from_species_of_the_Lamiaceae_family_against_Herpes_simplex_virus_type_1_and_type_2_in_vitro_ L2 - http://www.thieme-connect.com/DOI/DOI?10.1055/s-2006-951719 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -