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Fear acquisition requires awareness in trace but not delay conditioning.
Psychophysiology. 2007 Jan; 44(1):170-80.P

Abstract

The present study explored fear acquisition in differential delay versus trace conditioning in regard to the potential role of the acquired contingency awareness. One of two neutral pictures (CS+) either coterminated with (delay group; n=32) or was followed by the aversive unconditioned stimulus (UCS) after CS offset (trace group; n=32), while startle blink and skin conductance responses (SCR) were measured. As expected, the acquisition of conditioned startle potentiation in delay conditioning was independent of contingency awareness. In contrast, fear-potentiated startle in trace conditioning was only observed for those participants who were aware of the CS-UCS contingencies. SCR conditioning was generally only obtained for aware participants. The present results suggest a more implicit learning process in delay fear conditioning, whereas the explicit acquisition of contingency awareness might be a prerequisite for trace fear conditioning.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Weike AI
Department of Psychology, University of Greifswald, Greifswald, Germany. weike@uni-greifswald.de
Schupp HT
No affiliation info available
Hamm AO
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAwarenessBlinkingConditioning, PsychologicalData Interpretation, StatisticalElectromyographyElectroshockFacial ExpressionFearFemaleGalvanic Skin ResponseHumansMalePhotic Stimulation

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17241153

Citation

Weike, Almut I., et al. "Fear Acquisition Requires Awareness in Trace but Not Delay Conditioning." Psychophysiology, vol. 44, no. 1, 2007, pp. 170-80.
Weike AI, Schupp HT, Hamm AO. Fear acquisition requires awareness in trace but not delay conditioning. Psychophysiology. 2007;44(1):170-80.
Weike, A. I., Schupp, H. T., & Hamm, A. O. (2007). Fear acquisition requires awareness in trace but not delay conditioning. Psychophysiology, 44(1), 170-80.
Weike AI, Schupp HT, Hamm AO. Fear Acquisition Requires Awareness in Trace but Not Delay Conditioning. Psychophysiology. 2007;44(1):170-80. PubMed PMID: 17241153.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Fear acquisition requires awareness in trace but not delay conditioning. AU - Weike,Almut I, AU - Schupp,Harald T, AU - Hamm,Alfons O, PY - 2007/1/24/pubmed PY - 2007/4/3/medline PY - 2007/1/24/entrez SP - 170 EP - 80 JF - Psychophysiology JO - Psychophysiology VL - 44 IS - 1 N2 - The present study explored fear acquisition in differential delay versus trace conditioning in regard to the potential role of the acquired contingency awareness. One of two neutral pictures (CS+) either coterminated with (delay group; n=32) or was followed by the aversive unconditioned stimulus (UCS) after CS offset (trace group; n=32), while startle blink and skin conductance responses (SCR) were measured. As expected, the acquisition of conditioned startle potentiation in delay conditioning was independent of contingency awareness. In contrast, fear-potentiated startle in trace conditioning was only observed for those participants who were aware of the CS-UCS contingencies. SCR conditioning was generally only obtained for aware participants. The present results suggest a more implicit learning process in delay fear conditioning, whereas the explicit acquisition of contingency awareness might be a prerequisite for trace fear conditioning. SN - 0048-5772 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17241153/Fear_acquisition_requires_awareness_in_trace_but_not_delay_conditioning_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-8986.2006.00469.x DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -