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BMI, fat and muscle differences in urban women of five ethnicities from two countries.
Int J Obes (Lond). 2007 Aug; 31(8):1232-9.IJ

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To investigate body composition differences, especially the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat (%BF), among five ethnic groups.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional.

SUBJECTS

Seven hundred and twenty-one apparently healthy women aged 18-60 years (BMI: 17.4-54.0 kg/m(2)) from South Africa (SA, 201 black, 94 European) and New Zealand (NZ, 173 European, 76 Maori, 84 Pacific, 93 Asian Indian).

MEASUREMENTS

Anthropometry, including waist circumference, and total, central and peripheral body fat, bone mineral content and total appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) derived from dual X-ray absorptiometry.

RESULTS

Regression analysis determined that at a BMI of 30 kg/m(2), SA European women had a %BF of 39%, which corresponded to a BMI of 29 for SA black women. For a BMI of 30 kg/m(2) in NZ Europeans, equivalent to 43% body fat, the corresponding BMIs for NZ Maori, Pacific and Asian Indian women were 34, 36 and 26 kg/m(2), respectively. Central fat mass was lower in black SA than in European SA women (P<0.001). In NZ, Pacific women had the lowest central fat mass and highest ASMM, whereas Asian Indian women had the highest central fat mass, but lowest ASMM and bone mineral content.

CONCLUSIONS

The relationship between %BF and BMI varies with ethnicity and may be due, in part, to differences in central fatness and muscularity. Use of universal BMI or waist cut-points may not be appropriate for comparison of obesity prevalence among differing ethnic groups, as they do not provide a consistent reflection of adiposity and fat distribution across ethnic groups.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Rush EC
Institute of Sport and Recreation Research, Faculty of Health and Environmental Sciences, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand. Elaine.rush@aut.ac.nz
Goedecke JH
No affiliation info available
Jennings C
No affiliation info available
Micklesfield L
No affiliation info available
Dugas L
No affiliation info available
Lambert EV
No affiliation info available
Plank LD
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAfrican Continental Ancestry GroupAsian Continental Ancestry GroupBody CompositionBody Fat DistributionBody Mass IndexBody SizeBone DensityCross-Sectional StudiesEuropean Continental Ancestry GroupFemaleHumansMiddle AgedMuscle, SkeletalNew ZealandObesityOceanic Ancestry GroupRegression AnalysisSouth AfricaUrban Population

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17342075

Citation

Rush, E C., et al. "BMI, Fat and Muscle Differences in Urban Women of Five Ethnicities From Two Countries." International Journal of Obesity (2005), vol. 31, no. 8, 2007, pp. 1232-9.
Rush EC, Goedecke JH, Jennings C, et al. BMI, fat and muscle differences in urban women of five ethnicities from two countries. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007;31(8):1232-9.
Rush, E. C., Goedecke, J. H., Jennings, C., Micklesfield, L., Dugas, L., Lambert, E. V., & Plank, L. D. (2007). BMI, fat and muscle differences in urban women of five ethnicities from two countries. International Journal of Obesity (2005), 31(8), 1232-9.
Rush EC, et al. BMI, Fat and Muscle Differences in Urban Women of Five Ethnicities From Two Countries. Int J Obes (Lond). 2007;31(8):1232-9. PubMed PMID: 17342075.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - BMI, fat and muscle differences in urban women of five ethnicities from two countries. AU - Rush,E C, AU - Goedecke,J H, AU - Jennings,C, AU - Micklesfield,L, AU - Dugas,L, AU - Lambert,E V, AU - Plank,L D, Y1 - 2007/03/06/ PY - 2007/3/8/pubmed PY - 2007/12/21/medline PY - 2007/3/8/entrez SP - 1232 EP - 9 JF - International journal of obesity (2005) JO - Int J Obes (Lond) VL - 31 IS - 8 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To investigate body composition differences, especially the relationship between body mass index (BMI) and percent body fat (%BF), among five ethnic groups. DESIGN: Cross-sectional. SUBJECTS: Seven hundred and twenty-one apparently healthy women aged 18-60 years (BMI: 17.4-54.0 kg/m(2)) from South Africa (SA, 201 black, 94 European) and New Zealand (NZ, 173 European, 76 Maori, 84 Pacific, 93 Asian Indian). MEASUREMENTS: Anthropometry, including waist circumference, and total, central and peripheral body fat, bone mineral content and total appendicular skeletal muscle mass (ASMM) derived from dual X-ray absorptiometry. RESULTS: Regression analysis determined that at a BMI of 30 kg/m(2), SA European women had a %BF of 39%, which corresponded to a BMI of 29 for SA black women. For a BMI of 30 kg/m(2) in NZ Europeans, equivalent to 43% body fat, the corresponding BMIs for NZ Maori, Pacific and Asian Indian women were 34, 36 and 26 kg/m(2), respectively. Central fat mass was lower in black SA than in European SA women (P<0.001). In NZ, Pacific women had the lowest central fat mass and highest ASMM, whereas Asian Indian women had the highest central fat mass, but lowest ASMM and bone mineral content. CONCLUSIONS: The relationship between %BF and BMI varies with ethnicity and may be due, in part, to differences in central fatness and muscularity. Use of universal BMI or waist cut-points may not be appropriate for comparison of obesity prevalence among differing ethnic groups, as they do not provide a consistent reflection of adiposity and fat distribution across ethnic groups. SN - 0307-0565 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17342075/BMI_fat_and_muscle_differences_in_urban_women_of_five_ethnicities_from_two_countries_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1038/sj.ijo.0803576 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -