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Dietary fat and postmenopausal invasive breast cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort.
J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Mar 21; 99(6):451-62.JNCI

Abstract

BACKGROUND

Although ecologic association and animal studies support a direct effect of dietary fat on the development of breast cancer, results of epidemiologic studies have been inconclusive.

METHODS

We prospectively analyzed the association between fat consumption and the incidence of postmenopausal invasive breast cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, a US cohort comprising 188,736 postmenopausal women who completed a 124-item food-frequency questionnaire in 1995-1996. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models with adjustment for energy and potential confounding factors. All statistical tests were two-sided.

RESULTS

Over an average follow-up of 4.4 years, the cohort yielded 3501 cases of invasive breast cancer. The hazard ratio of breast cancer for the highest (median intake, 40.1% energy from total fat; 434 cases per 100,000 person-years) versus the lowest (median intake, 20.3% energy from total fat; 392 cases per 100,000 person-years) quintile of total fat intake was 1.11 (95% CI = 1.00 to 1.24; P(trend) = .017). The corresponding hazard ratio for a twofold increase in percent energy from total fat on the continuous scale was 1.15 (95% CI = 1.05 to 1.26). Positive associations were also found for subtypes of fat (hazard ratio for a twofold increase in percent energy from saturated fat = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.22; from monounsaturated fat, HR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.21; from polyunsaturated fat, HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.20). Correction for measurement error in nutrient intakes, on the basis of a calibration substudy that used two 24-hour dietary recalls, strengthened the associations, yielding an estimated hazard ratio for total fat of 1.32 (95% CI = 1.11 to 1.58). Secondary analyses showed that associations between total, saturated, and monounsaturated fat intakes were confined to women who were not using menopausal hormone therapy at baseline.

CONCLUSION

In this large prospective cohort with a wide range of fat intake, dietary fat intake was directly associated with the risk of postmenopausal invasive breast cancer.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Thiébaut AC
Nutritional Epidemiology Branch, Division of Cancer Epidemiology and Genetics, National Cancer Institute, 6120 Executive Blvd, Executive Plaza South Rm 3033, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA. thiebauta@mail.nih.gov
Kipnis V
No affiliation info available
Chang SC
No affiliation info available
Subar AF
No affiliation info available
Thompson FE
No affiliation info available
Rosenberg PS
No affiliation info available
Hollenbeck AR
No affiliation info available
Leitzmann M
No affiliation info available
Schatzkin A
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AgedBreast NeoplasmsCohort StudiesDiet SurveysDietary FatsDietary Fats, UnsaturatedFemaleHumansMiddle AgedNational Institutes of Health (U.S.)Odds RatioOrganizations, NonprofitPostmenopausePredictive Value of TestsProspective StudiesRisk FactorsSurveys and QuestionnairesUnited States

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17374835

Citation

Thiébaut, Anne C M., et al. "Dietary Fat and Postmenopausal Invasive Breast Cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort." Journal of the National Cancer Institute, vol. 99, no. 6, 2007, pp. 451-62.
Thiébaut AC, Kipnis V, Chang SC, et al. Dietary fat and postmenopausal invasive breast cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007;99(6):451-62.
Thiébaut, A. C., Kipnis, V., Chang, S. C., Subar, A. F., Thompson, F. E., Rosenberg, P. S., Hollenbeck, A. R., Leitzmann, M., & Schatzkin, A. (2007). Dietary fat and postmenopausal invasive breast cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort. Journal of the National Cancer Institute, 99(6), 451-62.
Thiébaut AC, et al. Dietary Fat and Postmenopausal Invasive Breast Cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study Cohort. J Natl Cancer Inst. 2007 Mar 21;99(6):451-62. PubMed PMID: 17374835.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Dietary fat and postmenopausal invasive breast cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study cohort. AU - Thiébaut,Anne C M, AU - Kipnis,Victor, AU - Chang,Shih-Chen, AU - Subar,Amy F, AU - Thompson,Frances E, AU - Rosenberg,Philip S, AU - Hollenbeck,Albert R, AU - Leitzmann,Michael, AU - Schatzkin,Arthur, PY - 2007/3/22/pubmed PY - 2007/4/10/medline PY - 2007/3/22/entrez SP - 451 EP - 62 JF - Journal of the National Cancer Institute JO - J Natl Cancer Inst VL - 99 IS - 6 N2 - BACKGROUND: Although ecologic association and animal studies support a direct effect of dietary fat on the development of breast cancer, results of epidemiologic studies have been inconclusive. METHODS: We prospectively analyzed the association between fat consumption and the incidence of postmenopausal invasive breast cancer in the National Institutes of Health-AARP Diet and Health Study, a US cohort comprising 188,736 postmenopausal women who completed a 124-item food-frequency questionnaire in 1995-1996. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were calculated using Cox proportional hazards regression models with adjustment for energy and potential confounding factors. All statistical tests were two-sided. RESULTS: Over an average follow-up of 4.4 years, the cohort yielded 3501 cases of invasive breast cancer. The hazard ratio of breast cancer for the highest (median intake, 40.1% energy from total fat; 434 cases per 100,000 person-years) versus the lowest (median intake, 20.3% energy from total fat; 392 cases per 100,000 person-years) quintile of total fat intake was 1.11 (95% CI = 1.00 to 1.24; P(trend) = .017). The corresponding hazard ratio for a twofold increase in percent energy from total fat on the continuous scale was 1.15 (95% CI = 1.05 to 1.26). Positive associations were also found for subtypes of fat (hazard ratio for a twofold increase in percent energy from saturated fat = 1.13; 95% CI = 1.05 to 1.22; from monounsaturated fat, HR = 1.12; 95% CI = 1.03 to 1.21; from polyunsaturated fat, HR = 1.10, 95% CI = 1.01 to 1.20). Correction for measurement error in nutrient intakes, on the basis of a calibration substudy that used two 24-hour dietary recalls, strengthened the associations, yielding an estimated hazard ratio for total fat of 1.32 (95% CI = 1.11 to 1.58). Secondary analyses showed that associations between total, saturated, and monounsaturated fat intakes were confined to women who were not using menopausal hormone therapy at baseline. CONCLUSION: In this large prospective cohort with a wide range of fat intake, dietary fat intake was directly associated with the risk of postmenopausal invasive breast cancer. SN - 1460-2105 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17374835/Dietary_fat_and_postmenopausal_invasive_breast_cancer_in_the_National_Institutes_of_Health_AARP_Diet_and_Health_Study_cohort_ L2 - https://academic.oup.com/jnci/article-lookup/doi/10.1093/jnci/djk094 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -