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Cospeciation in the triplex symbiosis of termite gut protists (Pseudotrichonympha spp.), their hosts, and their bacterial endosymbionts.
Mol Ecol. 2007 Mar; 16(6):1257-66.ME

Abstract

A number of cophylogenetic relationships between two organisms namely a host and a symbiont or parasite have been studied to date; however, organismal interactions in nature usually involve multiple members. Here, we investigated the cospeciation of a triplex symbiotic system comprising a hierarchy of three organisms -- termites of the family Rhinotermitidae, cellulolytic protists of the genus Pseudotrichonympha in the guts of these termites, and intracellular bacterial symbionts of the protists. The molecular phylogeny was inferred based on two mitochondrial genes for the termites and nuclear small-subunit rRNA genes for the protists and their endosymbionts, and these were compared. Although intestinal microorganisms are generally considered to have looser associations with the host than intracellular symbionts, the Pseudotrichonympha protists showed almost complete codivergence with the host termites, probably due to strict transmissions by proctodeal trophallaxis or coprophagy based on the social behaviour of the termites. Except for one case, the endosymbiotic bacteria of the protists formed a monophyletic lineage in the order Bacteroidales, and the branching pattern was almost identical to those of the protists and the termites. However, some non-codivergent evolutionary events were evident. The members of this triplex symbiotic system appear to have cospeciated during their evolution with minor exceptions; the evolutionary relationships were probably established by termite sociality and the complex microbial community in the gut.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Noda S
Environmental Molecular Biology Laboratory, RIKEN, Wako, Saitama, Japan. snoda@riken.jp
Kitade O
No affiliation info available
Inoue T
No affiliation info available
Kawai M
No affiliation info available
Kanuka M
No affiliation info available
Hiroshima K
No affiliation info available
Hongoh Y
No affiliation info available
Constantino R
No affiliation info available
Uys V
No affiliation info available
Zhong J
No affiliation info available
Kudo T
No affiliation info available
Ohkuma M
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsBacteroidaceaeBase SequenceBayes TheoremDNA PrimersDNA, MitochondrialDigestive SystemEukaryotaGenetic SpeciationIn Situ Hybridization, FluorescenceIsopteraModels, GeneticMolecular Sequence DataPhylogenyRNA, RibosomalSequence Analysis, DNASymbiosis

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17391411

Citation

Noda, S, et al. "Cospeciation in the Triplex Symbiosis of Termite Gut Protists (Pseudotrichonympha Spp.), Their Hosts, and Their Bacterial Endosymbionts." Molecular Ecology, vol. 16, no. 6, 2007, pp. 1257-66.
Noda S, Kitade O, Inoue T, et al. Cospeciation in the triplex symbiosis of termite gut protists (Pseudotrichonympha spp.), their hosts, and their bacterial endosymbionts. Mol Ecol. 2007;16(6):1257-66.
Noda, S., Kitade, O., Inoue, T., Kawai, M., Kanuka, M., Hiroshima, K., Hongoh, Y., Constantino, R., Uys, V., Zhong, J., Kudo, T., & Ohkuma, M. (2007). Cospeciation in the triplex symbiosis of termite gut protists (Pseudotrichonympha spp.), their hosts, and their bacterial endosymbionts. Molecular Ecology, 16(6), 1257-66.
Noda S, et al. Cospeciation in the Triplex Symbiosis of Termite Gut Protists (Pseudotrichonympha Spp.), Their Hosts, and Their Bacterial Endosymbionts. Mol Ecol. 2007;16(6):1257-66. PubMed PMID: 17391411.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Cospeciation in the triplex symbiosis of termite gut protists (Pseudotrichonympha spp.), their hosts, and their bacterial endosymbionts. AU - Noda,S, AU - Kitade,O, AU - Inoue,T, AU - Kawai,M, AU - Kanuka,M, AU - Hiroshima,K, AU - Hongoh,Y, AU - Constantino,R, AU - Uys,V, AU - Zhong,J, AU - Kudo,T, AU - Ohkuma,M, PY - 2007/3/30/pubmed PY - 2007/7/19/medline PY - 2007/3/30/entrez SP - 1257 EP - 66 JF - Molecular ecology JO - Mol Ecol VL - 16 IS - 6 N2 - A number of cophylogenetic relationships between two organisms namely a host and a symbiont or parasite have been studied to date; however, organismal interactions in nature usually involve multiple members. Here, we investigated the cospeciation of a triplex symbiotic system comprising a hierarchy of three organisms -- termites of the family Rhinotermitidae, cellulolytic protists of the genus Pseudotrichonympha in the guts of these termites, and intracellular bacterial symbionts of the protists. The molecular phylogeny was inferred based on two mitochondrial genes for the termites and nuclear small-subunit rRNA genes for the protists and their endosymbionts, and these were compared. Although intestinal microorganisms are generally considered to have looser associations with the host than intracellular symbionts, the Pseudotrichonympha protists showed almost complete codivergence with the host termites, probably due to strict transmissions by proctodeal trophallaxis or coprophagy based on the social behaviour of the termites. Except for one case, the endosymbiotic bacteria of the protists formed a monophyletic lineage in the order Bacteroidales, and the branching pattern was almost identical to those of the protists and the termites. However, some non-codivergent evolutionary events were evident. The members of this triplex symbiotic system appear to have cospeciated during their evolution with minor exceptions; the evolutionary relationships were probably established by termite sociality and the complex microbial community in the gut. SN - 0962-1083 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17391411/Cospeciation_in_the_triplex_symbiosis_of_termite_gut_protists__Pseudotrichonympha_spp___their_hosts_and_their_bacterial_endosymbionts_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -