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Copper toxicity in the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias): urea loss contributes to the osmoregulatory disturbance.
Aquat Toxicol. 2007 Aug 30; 84(2):133-41.AT

Abstract

Previous research showed that the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, is much more sensitive to silver exposure than typical marine teleosts. The aim of the present study was to investigate if spiny dogfish were equally sensitive to copper exposure and whether the toxic mechanisms were the same. We exposed cannulated and non-cannulated spiny dogfish to measured concentrations of Cu (nominally 0, 500, 1000 and 1500 microg L(-1) Cu) for 72-96 h. All Cu exposures induced acidosis and lactate accumulation of either a temporary (500 microg L(-1)) or more persistent nature (1000 and 1500 microg L(-1)). At the two highest Cu concentrations, gill Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activities were reduced by 45% (1000 microg L(-1)) and 62% (1500 microg L(-1)), and plasma Na(+) and Cl(-) concentrations increased by approximately 50 mM each. At the same time urea excretion doubled and plasma urea dropped by approximately 100 mM. Together with plasma urea, plasma TMAO levels dropped proportionally, indicating that the general impermeability of the gills was compromised. Overall plasma osmolarity did not change. Cu accumulation was limited with significant increases in plasma Cu and elevated gill and kidney Cu burdens at 1000 and 1500 microg L(-1). We conclude that Cu, like Ag, exerts toxic effect on Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activities in the shark similar to those of teleosts, but there is an additional toxic action on elasmobranch urea retention capacities. With a 96 h LC(50) in the 800-1000 microg L(-1) range, overall sensitivity of spiny dogfish for Cu is, in contrast with its sensitivity to Ag, only slightly lower than in typical marine teleosts.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

De Boeck G
Ecophysiology, Biochemistry and Toxicology Group, Department of Biology, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, B-2020 Antwerp, Belgium. dugrun.deboeck@ua.ac.be
Hattink J
No affiliation info available
Franklin NM
No affiliation info available
Bucking CP
No affiliation info available
Wood S
No affiliation info available
Walsh PJ
No affiliation info available
Wood CM
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AcidosisAnimalsCell Membrane PermeabilityChloridesCopperGillsLactic AcidLethal Dose 50Osmolar ConcentrationSodiumSodium-Potassium-Exchanging ATPaseSqualus acanthiasTime FactorsUreaWater Pollutants, ChemicalWater-Electrolyte Balance

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17640748

Citation

De Boeck, G, et al. "Copper Toxicity in the Spiny Dogfish (Squalus Acanthias): Urea Loss Contributes to the Osmoregulatory Disturbance." Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands), vol. 84, no. 2, 2007, pp. 133-41.
De Boeck G, Hattink J, Franklin NM, et al. Copper toxicity in the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias): urea loss contributes to the osmoregulatory disturbance. Aquat Toxicol. 2007;84(2):133-41.
De Boeck, G., Hattink, J., Franklin, N. M., Bucking, C. P., Wood, S., Walsh, P. J., & Wood, C. M. (2007). Copper toxicity in the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias): urea loss contributes to the osmoregulatory disturbance. Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 84(2), 133-41.
De Boeck G, et al. Copper Toxicity in the Spiny Dogfish (Squalus Acanthias): Urea Loss Contributes to the Osmoregulatory Disturbance. Aquat Toxicol. 2007 Aug 30;84(2):133-41. PubMed PMID: 17640748.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Copper toxicity in the spiny dogfish (Squalus acanthias): urea loss contributes to the osmoregulatory disturbance. AU - De Boeck,G, AU - Hattink,J, AU - Franklin,N M, AU - Bucking,C P, AU - Wood,S, AU - Walsh,P J, AU - Wood,C M, Y1 - 2007/06/16/ PY - 2006/11/16/received PY - 2007/04/23/revised PY - 2007/04/23/accepted PY - 2007/7/21/pubmed PY - 2007/12/6/medline PY - 2007/7/21/entrez SP - 133 EP - 41 JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) JO - Aquat Toxicol VL - 84 IS - 2 N2 - Previous research showed that the spiny dogfish, Squalus acanthias, is much more sensitive to silver exposure than typical marine teleosts. The aim of the present study was to investigate if spiny dogfish were equally sensitive to copper exposure and whether the toxic mechanisms were the same. We exposed cannulated and non-cannulated spiny dogfish to measured concentrations of Cu (nominally 0, 500, 1000 and 1500 microg L(-1) Cu) for 72-96 h. All Cu exposures induced acidosis and lactate accumulation of either a temporary (500 microg L(-1)) or more persistent nature (1000 and 1500 microg L(-1)). At the two highest Cu concentrations, gill Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activities were reduced by 45% (1000 microg L(-1)) and 62% (1500 microg L(-1)), and plasma Na(+) and Cl(-) concentrations increased by approximately 50 mM each. At the same time urea excretion doubled and plasma urea dropped by approximately 100 mM. Together with plasma urea, plasma TMAO levels dropped proportionally, indicating that the general impermeability of the gills was compromised. Overall plasma osmolarity did not change. Cu accumulation was limited with significant increases in plasma Cu and elevated gill and kidney Cu burdens at 1000 and 1500 microg L(-1). We conclude that Cu, like Ag, exerts toxic effect on Na(+)/K(+)-ATPase activities in the shark similar to those of teleosts, but there is an additional toxic action on elasmobranch urea retention capacities. With a 96 h LC(50) in the 800-1000 microg L(-1) range, overall sensitivity of spiny dogfish for Cu is, in contrast with its sensitivity to Ag, only slightly lower than in typical marine teleosts. SN - 0166-445X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17640748/Copper_toxicity_in_the_spiny_dogfish__Squalus_acanthias_:_urea_loss_contributes_to_the_osmoregulatory_disturbance_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0166-445X(07)00216-0 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -