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Prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in an urban south Indian population and comparison with a rural population. The Chennai Glaucoma Study.

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To estimate the prevalence and risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in an urban population and compare the same with that of our published rural population data in southern India.

DESIGN

Population-based cross-sectional study.

PARTICIPANTS

Four thousand eight hundred subjects 40 years or older were selected using a multistage random cluster sampling procedure in Chennai city.

INTERVENTION

Three thousand eight hundred fifty (80.2%) subjects underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, including applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, pachymetry, optic disc photography, and automated perimetry.

MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES

Glaucoma was diagnosed using the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology Classification.

RESULTS

The distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) and vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR) was obtained from the right eye of the 2532 subjects with normal suprathreshold visual fields. Mean IOP was 16.17+/-3.74 mmHg (97.5th and 99.5th percentiles, 24 mmHg and 30 mmHg). The mean VCDR was 0.43+/-0.17 (97.5th and 99.5th percentiles, 0.7 and 0.8). One hundred thirty-five (64 men, 71 women) subjects had POAG (3.51%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.04-4.0). Primary open-angle glaucoma subjects (58.4+/-11.3 years) were older (P<0.0001) than the study population (54.8+/-10.6 years). One hundred twenty-seven (94%) subjects were diagnosed to have POAG for the first time. Two subjects (1.5%) were bilaterally blind, and 3 (3.3%) were unilaterally blind due to POAG. The urban population prevalence was more than that of the rural population (1.62%; 95% CI, 1.4%-1.8%; P<0.0001). In both populations, increasing IOP (per millimeter of mercury) and older age were associated with the disease. There was no association with gender, myopia, systemic hypertension, diabetes, or central corneal thickness.

CONCLUSIONS

The prevalence of POAG in a > or =40-year-old south Indian urban population was 3.51%, higher than that of the rural population. The prevalence increased with age, and >90% were not aware of the disease.

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    Authors+Show Affiliations

    Vijaya L
    ,

    Glaucoma Project, Vision Research Foundation, Sankara Nethralaya, Chennai, India. chennaigs@rediffmail.com

    George R
    ,
    Baskaran M
    ,
    Arvind H
    ,
    Raju P
    ,
    Ramesh SV
    ,
    Kumaramanickavel G
    ,
    McCarty C

    Source

    Ophthalmology 115:4 2008 Apr pg 648-654.e1

    MeSH

    Adult
    Age Distribution
    Aged
    Aged, 80 and over
    Blindness
    Cross-Sectional Studies
    Female
    Glaucoma, Open-Angle
    Humans
    India
    Intraocular Pressure
    Male
    Middle Aged
    Prevalence
    Risk Factors
    Rural Population
    Urban Population

    Pub Type(s)

    Comparative Study
    Journal Article
    Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

    Language

    eng

    PubMed ID

    17664010

    Citation

    Vijaya, Lingam, et al. "Prevalence of Primary Open-angle Glaucoma in an Urban South Indian Population and Comparison With a Rural Population. the Chennai Glaucoma Study." Ophthalmology, vol. 115, no. 4, 2008, pp. 648-654.e1.
    Vijaya L, George R, Baskaran M, et al. Prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in an urban south Indian population and comparison with a rural population. The Chennai Glaucoma Study. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(4):648-654.e1.
    Vijaya, L., George, R., Baskaran, M., Arvind, H., Raju, P., Ramesh, S. V., ... McCarty, C. (2008). Prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in an urban south Indian population and comparison with a rural population. The Chennai Glaucoma Study. Ophthalmology, 115(4), pp. 648-654.e1.
    Vijaya L, et al. Prevalence of Primary Open-angle Glaucoma in an Urban South Indian Population and Comparison With a Rural Population. the Chennai Glaucoma Study. Ophthalmology. 2008;115(4):648-654.e1. PubMed PMID: 17664010.
    * Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
    TY - JOUR T1 - Prevalence of primary open-angle glaucoma in an urban south Indian population and comparison with a rural population. The Chennai Glaucoma Study. AU - Vijaya,Lingam, AU - George,Ronnie, AU - Baskaran,M, AU - Arvind,Hemamalini, AU - Raju,Prema, AU - Ramesh,S Ve, AU - Kumaramanickavel,Govindasamy, AU - McCarty,Catherine, Y1 - 2007/07/30/ PY - 2006/11/04/received PY - 2007/04/08/revised PY - 2007/04/17/accepted PY - 2007/8/1/pubmed PY - 2008/5/2/medline PY - 2007/8/1/entrez SP - 648 EP - 654.e1 JF - Ophthalmology JO - Ophthalmology VL - 115 IS - 4 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To estimate the prevalence and risk factors of primary open-angle glaucoma (POAG) in an urban population and compare the same with that of our published rural population data in southern India. DESIGN: Population-based cross-sectional study. PARTICIPANTS: Four thousand eight hundred subjects 40 years or older were selected using a multistage random cluster sampling procedure in Chennai city. INTERVENTION: Three thousand eight hundred fifty (80.2%) subjects underwent a complete ophthalmic examination, including applanation tonometry, gonioscopy, pachymetry, optic disc photography, and automated perimetry. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Glaucoma was diagnosed using the International Society of Geographical and Epidemiological Ophthalmology Classification. RESULTS: The distribution of intraocular pressure (IOP) and vertical cup-to-disc ratio (VCDR) was obtained from the right eye of the 2532 subjects with normal suprathreshold visual fields. Mean IOP was 16.17+/-3.74 mmHg (97.5th and 99.5th percentiles, 24 mmHg and 30 mmHg). The mean VCDR was 0.43+/-0.17 (97.5th and 99.5th percentiles, 0.7 and 0.8). One hundred thirty-five (64 men, 71 women) subjects had POAG (3.51%; 95% confidence interval [CI], 3.04-4.0). Primary open-angle glaucoma subjects (58.4+/-11.3 years) were older (P<0.0001) than the study population (54.8+/-10.6 years). One hundred twenty-seven (94%) subjects were diagnosed to have POAG for the first time. Two subjects (1.5%) were bilaterally blind, and 3 (3.3%) were unilaterally blind due to POAG. The urban population prevalence was more than that of the rural population (1.62%; 95% CI, 1.4%-1.8%; P<0.0001). In both populations, increasing IOP (per millimeter of mercury) and older age were associated with the disease. There was no association with gender, myopia, systemic hypertension, diabetes, or central corneal thickness. CONCLUSIONS: The prevalence of POAG in a > or =40-year-old south Indian urban population was 3.51%, higher than that of the rural population. The prevalence increased with age, and >90% were not aware of the disease. SN - 1549-4713 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17664010/Prevalence_of_primary_open_angle_glaucoma_in_an_urban_south_Indian_population_and_comparison_with_a_rural_population__The_Chennai_Glaucoma_Study_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0161-6420(07)00591-X DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -