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Evaluation of the Biotic Ligand Model relative to other site-specific criteria derivation methods for copper in surface waters with elevated hardness.
Aquat Toxicol. 2007 Aug 30; 84(2):279-91.AT

Abstract

The goal of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the Biotic Ligand Model to predict Cu toxicity in very hard surface water (>200 mg/L as CaCO(3)), relative to current copper criteria methodologies (hardness-based equation and the water-effect ratio; WER). To test these methods, we conducted acute Cu toxicity tests with three aquatic test species (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex and Pimephales promelas) in seven surface waters. The sites were representative of effluent-dependent or effluent-dominated streams common to the arid western United States of America (arid West) and a wide range of water quality variables were tested. In addition, concurrent Cu toxicity tests were conducted in laboratory waters that were matched to hardness and alkalinity of the sites to facilitate calculation of WER values. Results were used to characterize empirical relationships between water quality characteristics and Cu toxicity, and to compare measured Cu toxicity with Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) predictions. Acute toxicity tests were also conducted with C. dubia and P. promelas in a range of Ca or Mg-dominated hardness concentrations to determine the independent effects of Ca or Mg on Cu toxicity at high hardness levels. Conclusions from this study suggest that the BLM generates appropriate criteria for the waters tested in this study when compared to the hardness-based equation or WER approach. Although the historical site-specific methods are useful for surface waters with hardness < or = 250 mg/L as CaCO(3), the unique conditions of arid West streams require site-specific methods that account for the influences of critical water quality variables (i.e., pH, dissolved organic carbon, alkalinity, Ca, Mg and Na). Therefore, the BLM offers an improved alternative to the hardness-based and WER approaches, particularly for situations where the current methods would be under-protective of sensitive aquatic life.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Van Genderen E
Parametrix, Inc., Parametrix Environmental Research Laboratory, 33972 Texas St. SW, Albany, OR 97321, USA. evangenderen@parametrix.com
Gensemer R
No affiliation info available
Smith C
No affiliation info available
Santore R
No affiliation info available
Ryan A
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AlgorithmsAnimalsBiodiversityCalciumCalcium CarbonateCarbonCopperCyprinidaeGeographyHydrogen-Ion ConcentrationInvertebratesLigandsMagnesiumModels, BiologicalOrganic ChemicalsSodiumToxicity TestsUnited StatesWater Pollutants, ChemicalWater Supply

Pub Type(s)

Evaluation Study
Journal Article
Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17681387

Citation

Van Genderen, Eric, et al. "Evaluation of the Biotic Ligand Model Relative to Other Site-specific Criteria Derivation Methods for Copper in Surface Waters With Elevated Hardness." Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands), vol. 84, no. 2, 2007, pp. 279-91.
Van Genderen E, Gensemer R, Smith C, et al. Evaluation of the Biotic Ligand Model relative to other site-specific criteria derivation methods for copper in surface waters with elevated hardness. Aquat Toxicol. 2007;84(2):279-91.
Van Genderen, E., Gensemer, R., Smith, C., Santore, R., & Ryan, A. (2007). Evaluation of the Biotic Ligand Model relative to other site-specific criteria derivation methods for copper in surface waters with elevated hardness. Aquatic Toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands), 84(2), 279-91.
Van Genderen E, et al. Evaluation of the Biotic Ligand Model Relative to Other Site-specific Criteria Derivation Methods for Copper in Surface Waters With Elevated Hardness. Aquat Toxicol. 2007 Aug 30;84(2):279-91. PubMed PMID: 17681387.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Evaluation of the Biotic Ligand Model relative to other site-specific criteria derivation methods for copper in surface waters with elevated hardness. AU - Van Genderen,Eric, AU - Gensemer,Robert, AU - Smith,Carrie, AU - Santore,Robert, AU - Ryan,Adam, Y1 - 2007/06/16/ PY - 2006/09/15/received PY - 2007/01/08/revised PY - 2007/02/17/accepted PY - 2007/8/8/pubmed PY - 2007/12/6/medline PY - 2007/8/8/entrez SP - 279 EP - 91 JF - Aquatic toxicology (Amsterdam, Netherlands) JO - Aquat Toxicol VL - 84 IS - 2 N2 - The goal of this study was to evaluate the reliability of the Biotic Ligand Model to predict Cu toxicity in very hard surface water (>200 mg/L as CaCO(3)), relative to current copper criteria methodologies (hardness-based equation and the water-effect ratio; WER). To test these methods, we conducted acute Cu toxicity tests with three aquatic test species (Ceriodaphnia dubia, Daphnia pulex and Pimephales promelas) in seven surface waters. The sites were representative of effluent-dependent or effluent-dominated streams common to the arid western United States of America (arid West) and a wide range of water quality variables were tested. In addition, concurrent Cu toxicity tests were conducted in laboratory waters that were matched to hardness and alkalinity of the sites to facilitate calculation of WER values. Results were used to characterize empirical relationships between water quality characteristics and Cu toxicity, and to compare measured Cu toxicity with Biotic Ligand Model (BLM) predictions. Acute toxicity tests were also conducted with C. dubia and P. promelas in a range of Ca or Mg-dominated hardness concentrations to determine the independent effects of Ca or Mg on Cu toxicity at high hardness levels. Conclusions from this study suggest that the BLM generates appropriate criteria for the waters tested in this study when compared to the hardness-based equation or WER approach. Although the historical site-specific methods are useful for surface waters with hardness < or = 250 mg/L as CaCO(3), the unique conditions of arid West streams require site-specific methods that account for the influences of critical water quality variables (i.e., pH, dissolved organic carbon, alkalinity, Ca, Mg and Na). Therefore, the BLM offers an improved alternative to the hardness-based and WER approaches, particularly for situations where the current methods would be under-protective of sensitive aquatic life. SN - 0166-445X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17681387/Evaluation_of_the_Biotic_Ligand_Model_relative_to_other_site_specific_criteria_derivation_methods_for_copper_in_surface_waters_with_elevated_hardness_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -