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Opportunities for treating sexually transmitted infections and reducing HIV risk in rural South Africa.
J Adv Nurs. 2007 Nov; 60(4):377-83.JA

Abstract

AIM

This paper is a report of a study to determine the aetiological distribution of sexually transmitted infections and prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection in selected primary health care clinic attendees.

BACKGROUND

South Africa has a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections. Sexually transmitted infections are managed syndromically in the public sector as part of the essential nurse-driven primary care services provided at no cost to the client.

METHOD

This cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural community in South Africa between September and November 2002. A total of 277 consenting women were recruited. Vulvo-vaginal swabs were collected for screening for Neisseriae gonorrheae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis using DNA amplification methods and Gram stain with Nugent's score for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. Seroprevalence of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus infection were determined.

FINDINGS

The overall prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in the study was 43.7% (95% confidence interval 37.6-50.0) with the prevalence in family planning clinic attendees 45.5% (95% confidence interval 38.9-52.3) and antenatal clinic attendees 33.3% (95% confidence interval 19.6-50.3). The prevalence of sexually transmitted infections amongst both the antenatal clinic and family planning attendees accounted for at least 70% of cases. Fifty per cent of women had one recognized sexually transmitted infection with 17.9% of the family planning and 14.5% of the antenatal clinic attendees having infections from two recognized pathogens. All infections were asymptomatic.

CONCLUSION

Nurse-driven antenatal and family planning services provide a useful opportunity for integrating reproductive health services, human immunodeficiency virus voluntary counselling and testing and treatment of sexually transmitted infections.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Frohlich JA
Centre for AIDS Programme of Research in South Africa (CAPRISA), School of Nursing, Doris Duke Medical Research Institute, Nelson R Mandela School of Medicine, Congella, South Africa. frohlichj@ukzn.ac.za
Abdool Karim Q
No affiliation info available
Mashego MM
No affiliation info available
Sturm AW
No affiliation info available
Abdool Karim SS
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAnimalsChlamydia InfectionsChlamydia trachomatisCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHIV InfectionsHumansMass ScreeningNeisseria gonorrhoeaeRural HealthSexually Transmitted DiseasesSouth AfricaTrichomonas VaginitisTrichomonas vaginalisVagina

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17822425

Citation

Frohlich, J A., et al. "Opportunities for Treating Sexually Transmitted Infections and Reducing HIV Risk in Rural South Africa." Journal of Advanced Nursing, vol. 60, no. 4, 2007, pp. 377-83.
Frohlich JA, Abdool Karim Q, Mashego MM, et al. Opportunities for treating sexually transmitted infections and reducing HIV risk in rural South Africa. J Adv Nurs. 2007;60(4):377-83.
Frohlich, J. A., Abdool Karim, Q., Mashego, M. M., Sturm, A. W., & Abdool Karim, S. S. (2007). Opportunities for treating sexually transmitted infections and reducing HIV risk in rural South Africa. Journal of Advanced Nursing, 60(4), 377-83.
Frohlich JA, et al. Opportunities for Treating Sexually Transmitted Infections and Reducing HIV Risk in Rural South Africa. J Adv Nurs. 2007;60(4):377-83. PubMed PMID: 17822425.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Opportunities for treating sexually transmitted infections and reducing HIV risk in rural South Africa. AU - Frohlich,J A, AU - Abdool Karim,Q, AU - Mashego,M M, AU - Sturm,A W, AU - Abdool Karim,S S, Y1 - 2007/09/06/ PY - 2007/9/8/pubmed PY - 2008/3/1/medline PY - 2007/9/8/entrez SP - 377 EP - 83 JF - Journal of advanced nursing JO - J Adv Nurs VL - 60 IS - 4 N2 - AIM: This paper is a report of a study to determine the aetiological distribution of sexually transmitted infections and prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus infection in selected primary health care clinic attendees. BACKGROUND: South Africa has a high prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus and other sexually transmitted infections. Sexually transmitted infections are managed syndromically in the public sector as part of the essential nurse-driven primary care services provided at no cost to the client. METHOD: This cross-sectional study was conducted in a rural community in South Africa between September and November 2002. A total of 277 consenting women were recruited. Vulvo-vaginal swabs were collected for screening for Neisseriae gonorrheae, Chlamydia trachomatis and Trichomonas vaginalis using DNA amplification methods and Gram stain with Nugent's score for the diagnosis of bacterial vaginosis. Seroprevalence of syphilis and human immunodeficiency virus infection were determined. FINDINGS: The overall prevalence of human immunodeficiency virus in the study was 43.7% (95% confidence interval 37.6-50.0) with the prevalence in family planning clinic attendees 45.5% (95% confidence interval 38.9-52.3) and antenatal clinic attendees 33.3% (95% confidence interval 19.6-50.3). The prevalence of sexually transmitted infections amongst both the antenatal clinic and family planning attendees accounted for at least 70% of cases. Fifty per cent of women had one recognized sexually transmitted infection with 17.9% of the family planning and 14.5% of the antenatal clinic attendees having infections from two recognized pathogens. All infections were asymptomatic. CONCLUSION: Nurse-driven antenatal and family planning services provide a useful opportunity for integrating reproductive health services, human immunodeficiency virus voluntary counselling and testing and treatment of sexually transmitted infections. SN - 0309-2402 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17822425/Opportunities_for_treating_sexually_transmitted_infections_and_reducing_HIV_risk_in_rural_South_Africa_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -