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Effects of disinfectants and detergents on skin irritation.
Contact Dermatitis. 2007 Oct; 57(4):235-41.CD

Abstract

We investigated the biological response of regular human skin to alcohol-based disinfectants and detergents in a repetitive test design. Using non-invasive diagnostic tools such as transepidermal water loss, laser-Doppler flowmetry and corneometry, we quantified the irritative effects of a propanol-based hand disinfectant (Sterillium), its propanol mixture (2-propanol 45% w/w and 1-propanol 30% w/w), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 0.5% and distilled water. The substances were applied in a 2-D patch test in a repetitive occlusive test design to the back. Additionally, we performed a wash test on the forearms that was supposed to mimic the skin affection in the normal daily routine of health care workers. In this controlled half-side test design, we included the single application of the hand rub, SLS 0.5% and water as well as a tandem application of the same substances. Patch test and wash test showed similar results. The alcohol-based test preparations showed minimal irritation rather comparable to the application of water. However, the detergent SLS produced stronger barrier disruption, erythema and dryness than the alcohol-based preparations. There was no additional irritation at the combined use of SLS and disinfectants. By contrary, there was even a decrease in barrier disruption and erythema induced by the tandem application of SLS followed by alcohol-based disinfection compared with the use of SLS alone. These findings show a less irritant effect of alcohol-based disinfectants on the skin than detergents. Our study shows that there is no summation of irritating effects of a common detergent and propanol and that the combination of washing and disinfection has a rather protective aspect compared with washing alone.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Slotosch CM
Department of Dermatology, Philipp-University, Marburg, Germany. weimerc@med.uni-marburg.de
Kampf G
No affiliation info available
Löffler H
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultDermatitis, IrritantDermatitis, OccupationalDetergentsDisinfectantsErythemaFemaleHand DermatosesHand DisinfectionHealth PersonnelHumansLaser-Doppler FlowmetryMaleMiddle AgedPatch TestsQuaternary Ammonium CompoundsRegional Blood FlowSkinSodium Dodecyl SulfateWaterWater Loss, Insensible

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17868216

Citation

Slotosch, Caroline M., et al. "Effects of Disinfectants and Detergents On Skin Irritation." Contact Dermatitis, vol. 57, no. 4, 2007, pp. 235-41.
Slotosch CM, Kampf G, Löffler H. Effects of disinfectants and detergents on skin irritation. Contact Dermatitis. 2007;57(4):235-41.
Slotosch, C. M., Kampf, G., & Löffler, H. (2007). Effects of disinfectants and detergents on skin irritation. Contact Dermatitis, 57(4), 235-41.
Slotosch CM, Kampf G, Löffler H. Effects of Disinfectants and Detergents On Skin Irritation. Contact Dermatitis. 2007;57(4):235-41. PubMed PMID: 17868216.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Effects of disinfectants and detergents on skin irritation. AU - Slotosch,Caroline M, AU - Kampf,Günter, AU - Löffler,Harald, PY - 2007/9/18/pubmed PY - 2007/12/15/medline PY - 2007/9/18/entrez SP - 235 EP - 41 JF - Contact dermatitis JO - Contact Dermatitis VL - 57 IS - 4 N2 - We investigated the biological response of regular human skin to alcohol-based disinfectants and detergents in a repetitive test design. Using non-invasive diagnostic tools such as transepidermal water loss, laser-Doppler flowmetry and corneometry, we quantified the irritative effects of a propanol-based hand disinfectant (Sterillium), its propanol mixture (2-propanol 45% w/w and 1-propanol 30% w/w), sodium lauryl sulfate (SLS) 0.5% and distilled water. The substances were applied in a 2-D patch test in a repetitive occlusive test design to the back. Additionally, we performed a wash test on the forearms that was supposed to mimic the skin affection in the normal daily routine of health care workers. In this controlled half-side test design, we included the single application of the hand rub, SLS 0.5% and water as well as a tandem application of the same substances. Patch test and wash test showed similar results. The alcohol-based test preparations showed minimal irritation rather comparable to the application of water. However, the detergent SLS produced stronger barrier disruption, erythema and dryness than the alcohol-based preparations. There was no additional irritation at the combined use of SLS and disinfectants. By contrary, there was even a decrease in barrier disruption and erythema induced by the tandem application of SLS followed by alcohol-based disinfection compared with the use of SLS alone. These findings show a less irritant effect of alcohol-based disinfectants on the skin than detergents. Our study shows that there is no summation of irritating effects of a common detergent and propanol and that the combination of washing and disinfection has a rather protective aspect compared with washing alone. SN - 0105-1873 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17868216/Effects_of_disinfectants_and_detergents_on_skin_irritation_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1600-0536.2007.01200.x DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -