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Antiherpevirus activity of Artemisia arborescens essential oil and inhibition of lateral diffusion in Vero cells.
Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2007 Sep 26; 6:10.AC

Abstract

BACKGROUND

New prophylactic and therapeutic tools are needed for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections. Several essential oils have shown to possess antiviral activity in vitro against a wide spectrum of viruses.

AIM

The present study was assess to investigate the activities of the essential oil obtained from leaves of Artemisia arborescens against HSV-1 and HSV-2

METHODS

The cytotoxicity in Vero cells was evaluated by the MTT reduction method. The IC50 values were determined by plaque reduction assay. In order to characterize the mechanism of action, yield reduction assay, inhibition of plaque development assay, attachment assay, penetration assay and post-attachment virus neutralization assay were also performed.

RESULTS

The IC50 values, determined by plaque reduction assay, were 2.4 and 4.1 microg/ml for HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively, while the cytotoxicity assay against Vero cells, as determined by the MTT reduction method, showed a CC50 value of 132 mug/ml, indicating a CC50/IC50 ratio of 55 for HSV-1 and 32.2 for HSV-2. The antiviral activity of A. arborescens essential oil is principally due to direct virucidal effects. A poor activity determined by yield reduction assay was observed against HSV-1 at higher concentrations when added to cultures of infected cells. No inhibition was observed by attachment assay, penetration assay and post-attachment virus neutralization assay. Furthermore, inhibition of plaque development assay showed that A. arborescens essential oil inhibits the lateral diffusion of both HSV-1 and HSV-2.

CONCLUSION

This study demonstrates the antiviral activity of the essential oil in toto obtained from A. arborescens against HSV-1 and HSV-2. The mode of action of the essential oil as antiherpesvirus agent seems to be particularly interesting in consideration of its ability to inactivate the virus and to inhibit the cell-to-cell virus diffusion.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Saddi M
Dipartimento di Scienze e Tecnologie Biomediche, Sezione di Microbiologia Medica, Viale Sant'Ignazio 38, 09123 Cagliari, Italy. manuelasaddi@virgilio.it
Sanna A
No affiliation info available
Cottiglia F
No affiliation info available
Chisu L
No affiliation info available
Casu L
No affiliation info available
Bonsignore L
No affiliation info available
De Logu A
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsAntiviral AgentsArtemisiaChlorocebus aethiopsHerpesvirus 1, HumanHerpesvirus 2, HumanPlant LeavesPlant OilsVero CellsViral Plaque Assay

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17894898

Citation

Saddi, Manuela, et al. "Antiherpevirus Activity of Artemisia Arborescens Essential Oil and Inhibition of Lateral Diffusion in Vero Cells." Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, vol. 6, 2007, p. 10.
Saddi M, Sanna A, Cottiglia F, et al. Antiherpevirus activity of Artemisia arborescens essential oil and inhibition of lateral diffusion in Vero cells. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2007;6:10.
Saddi, M., Sanna, A., Cottiglia, F., Chisu, L., Casu, L., Bonsignore, L., & De Logu, A. (2007). Antiherpevirus activity of Artemisia arborescens essential oil and inhibition of lateral diffusion in Vero cells. Annals of Clinical Microbiology and Antimicrobials, 6, 10.
Saddi M, et al. Antiherpevirus Activity of Artemisia Arborescens Essential Oil and Inhibition of Lateral Diffusion in Vero Cells. Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob. 2007 Sep 26;6:10. PubMed PMID: 17894898.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Antiherpevirus activity of Artemisia arborescens essential oil and inhibition of lateral diffusion in Vero cells. AU - Saddi,Manuela, AU - Sanna,Adriana, AU - Cottiglia,Filippo, AU - Chisu,Lorenza, AU - Casu,Laura, AU - Bonsignore,Leonardo, AU - De Logu,Alessandro, Y1 - 2007/09/26/ PY - 2007/06/04/received PY - 2007/09/26/accepted PY - 2007/9/27/pubmed PY - 2007/12/28/medline PY - 2007/9/27/entrez SP - 10 EP - 10 JF - Annals of clinical microbiology and antimicrobials JO - Ann Clin Microbiol Antimicrob VL - 6 N2 - BACKGROUND: New prophylactic and therapeutic tools are needed for the treatment of herpes simplex virus infections. Several essential oils have shown to possess antiviral activity in vitro against a wide spectrum of viruses. AIM: The present study was assess to investigate the activities of the essential oil obtained from leaves of Artemisia arborescens against HSV-1 and HSV-2 METHODS: The cytotoxicity in Vero cells was evaluated by the MTT reduction method. The IC50 values were determined by plaque reduction assay. In order to characterize the mechanism of action, yield reduction assay, inhibition of plaque development assay, attachment assay, penetration assay and post-attachment virus neutralization assay were also performed. RESULTS: The IC50 values, determined by plaque reduction assay, were 2.4 and 4.1 microg/ml for HSV-1 and HSV-2, respectively, while the cytotoxicity assay against Vero cells, as determined by the MTT reduction method, showed a CC50 value of 132 mug/ml, indicating a CC50/IC50 ratio of 55 for HSV-1 and 32.2 for HSV-2. The antiviral activity of A. arborescens essential oil is principally due to direct virucidal effects. A poor activity determined by yield reduction assay was observed against HSV-1 at higher concentrations when added to cultures of infected cells. No inhibition was observed by attachment assay, penetration assay and post-attachment virus neutralization assay. Furthermore, inhibition of plaque development assay showed that A. arborescens essential oil inhibits the lateral diffusion of both HSV-1 and HSV-2. CONCLUSION: This study demonstrates the antiviral activity of the essential oil in toto obtained from A. arborescens against HSV-1 and HSV-2. The mode of action of the essential oil as antiherpesvirus agent seems to be particularly interesting in consideration of its ability to inactivate the virus and to inhibit the cell-to-cell virus diffusion. SN - 1476-0711 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17894898/Antiherpevirus_activity_of_Artemisia_arborescens_essential_oil_and_inhibition_of_lateral_diffusion_in_Vero_cells_ L2 - https://ann-clinmicrob.biomedcentral.com/articles/10.1186/1476-0711-6-10 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -