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Inhibitory effect of essential oils against herpes simplex virus type 2.
Phytomedicine. 2008 Jan; 15(1-2):71-8.P

Abstract

Essential oils from anise, hyssop, thyme, ginger, camomile and sandalwood were screened for their inhibitory effect against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in vitro on RC-37 cells using a plaque reduction assay. Genital herpes is a chronic, persistent infection spreading efficiently and silently as sexually transmitted disease through the population. Antiviral agents currently applied for the treatment of herpesvirus infections include acyclovir and its derivatives. The inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were determined at 0.016%, 0.0075%, 0.007%, 0.004%, 0.003% and 0.0015% for anise oil, hyssop oil, thyme oil, ginger oil, camomile oil and sandalwood oil, respectively. A clearly dose-dependent virucidal activity against HSV-2 could be demonstrated for all essential oils tested. In order to determine the mode of the inhibitory effect, essential oils were added at different stages during the viral infection cycle. At maximum noncytotoxic concentrations of the essential oils, plaque formation was significantly reduced by more than 90% when HSV-2 was preincubated with hyssop oil, thyme oil or ginger oil. However, no inhibitory effect could be observed when the essential oils were added to the cells prior to infection with HSV-2 or after the adsorption period. These results indicate that essential oils affected HSV-2 mainly before adsorption probably by interacting with the viral envelope. Camomile oil exhibited a high selectivity index and seems to be a promising candidate for topical therapeutic application as virucidal agents for treatment of herpes genitalis.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Koch C
Department of Virology, Hygiene Institute, University of Heidelberg, Heidelberg, Germany.
Reichling J
No affiliation info available
Schneele J
No affiliation info available
Schnitzler P
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AcyclovirAnimalsAntiviral AgentsCell LineChlorocebus aethiopsDose-Response Relationship, DrugDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalGingerHerpesvirus 2, HumanIlliciumLamiaceaeMatricariaOils, VolatileSantalumThymus PlantToxicity Tests, AcuteViral Plaque AssayVirus Replication

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

17976968

Citation

Koch, C, et al. "Inhibitory Effect of Essential Oils Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2." Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology, vol. 15, no. 1-2, 2008, pp. 71-8.
Koch C, Reichling J, Schneele J, et al. Inhibitory effect of essential oils against herpes simplex virus type 2. Phytomedicine. 2008;15(1-2):71-8.
Koch, C., Reichling, J., Schneele, J., & Schnitzler, P. (2008). Inhibitory effect of essential oils against herpes simplex virus type 2. Phytomedicine : International Journal of Phytotherapy and Phytopharmacology, 15(1-2), 71-8.
Koch C, et al. Inhibitory Effect of Essential Oils Against Herpes Simplex Virus Type 2. Phytomedicine. 2008;15(1-2):71-8. PubMed PMID: 17976968.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibitory effect of essential oils against herpes simplex virus type 2. AU - Koch,C, AU - Reichling,J, AU - Schneele,J, AU - Schnitzler,P, Y1 - 2007/10/31/ PY - 2007/04/05/received PY - 2007/07/24/revised PY - 2007/09/04/accepted PY - 2007/11/3/pubmed PY - 2008/5/31/medline PY - 2007/11/3/entrez SP - 71 EP - 8 JF - Phytomedicine : international journal of phytotherapy and phytopharmacology JO - Phytomedicine VL - 15 IS - 1-2 N2 - Essential oils from anise, hyssop, thyme, ginger, camomile and sandalwood were screened for their inhibitory effect against herpes simplex virus type 2 (HSV-2) in vitro on RC-37 cells using a plaque reduction assay. Genital herpes is a chronic, persistent infection spreading efficiently and silently as sexually transmitted disease through the population. Antiviral agents currently applied for the treatment of herpesvirus infections include acyclovir and its derivatives. The inhibitory concentrations (IC50) were determined at 0.016%, 0.0075%, 0.007%, 0.004%, 0.003% and 0.0015% for anise oil, hyssop oil, thyme oil, ginger oil, camomile oil and sandalwood oil, respectively. A clearly dose-dependent virucidal activity against HSV-2 could be demonstrated for all essential oils tested. In order to determine the mode of the inhibitory effect, essential oils were added at different stages during the viral infection cycle. At maximum noncytotoxic concentrations of the essential oils, plaque formation was significantly reduced by more than 90% when HSV-2 was preincubated with hyssop oil, thyme oil or ginger oil. However, no inhibitory effect could be observed when the essential oils were added to the cells prior to infection with HSV-2 or after the adsorption period. These results indicate that essential oils affected HSV-2 mainly before adsorption probably by interacting with the viral envelope. Camomile oil exhibited a high selectivity index and seems to be a promising candidate for topical therapeutic application as virucidal agents for treatment of herpes genitalis. SN - 0944-7113 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/17976968/Inhibitory_effect_of_essential_oils_against_herpes_simplex_virus_type_2_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -