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Accelerated 3D-OSEM image reconstruction using a Beowulf PC cluster for pinhole SPECT.
Ann Nucl Med. 2007 Nov; 21(9):537-43.AN

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

A conventional pinhole single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with a single circular orbit has limitations associated with non-uniform spatial resolution or axial blurring. Recently, we demonstrated that three-dimensional (3D) images with uniform spatial resolution and no blurring can be obtained by complete data acquired using two-circular orbit, combined with the 3D ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction method. However, a long computation time is required to obtain the reconstruction image, because of the fact that 3D-OSEM is an iterative method and two-orbit acquisition doubles the size of the projection data. To reduce the long reconstruction time, we parallelized the two-orbit pinhole 3D-OSEM reconstruction process by using a Beowulf personal computer (PC) cluster.

METHODS

The Beowulf PC cluster consists of seven PCs connected to Gbit Ethernet switches. Message passing interface protocol was utilized for parallelizing the reconstruction process. The projection data in a subset are distributed to each PC. The partial image forward- and back-projected in each PC is transferred to all PCs. The current image estimate on each PC is updated after summing the partial images. The performance of parallelization on the PC cluster was evaluated using two independent projection data sets acquired by a pinhole SPECT system with two different circular orbits.

RESULTS

Parallelization using the PC cluster improved the reconstruction time with increasing number of PCs. The reconstruction time of 54 min by the single PC was decreased to 10 min when six or seven PCs were used. The speed-up factor was 5.4. The reconstruction image by the PC cluster was virtually identical with that by the single PC.

CONCLUSIONS

Parallelization of 3D-OSEM reconstruction for pinhole SPECT using the PC cluster can significantly reduce the computation time, whereas its implementation is simple and inexpensive.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Zeniya T
Department of Investigative Radiology, Advanced Medical Engineering Center, National Cardiovascular Center Research Institute, 5-7-1 Fujishiro-dai, Suita, 565-8565, Japan. zeniya@ri.ncvc.go.jp
Watabe H
No affiliation info available
Sohlberg A
No affiliation info available
Iida H
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AlgorithmsCluster AnalysisComputer SimulationComputer SystemsEquipment DesignHypermediaImage EnhancementImage Processing, Computer-AssistedImaging, Three-DimensionalInformation Storage and RetrievalLikelihood FunctionsModels, StatisticalPhantoms, ImagingSensitivity and SpecificityTime ManagementTomography, Emission-Computed, Single-Photon

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

18030588

Citation

Zeniya, Tsutomu, et al. "Accelerated 3D-OSEM Image Reconstruction Using a Beowulf PC Cluster for Pinhole SPECT." Annals of Nuclear Medicine, vol. 21, no. 9, 2007, pp. 537-43.
Zeniya T, Watabe H, Sohlberg A, et al. Accelerated 3D-OSEM image reconstruction using a Beowulf PC cluster for pinhole SPECT. Ann Nucl Med. 2007;21(9):537-43.
Zeniya, T., Watabe, H., Sohlberg, A., & Iida, H. (2007). Accelerated 3D-OSEM image reconstruction using a Beowulf PC cluster for pinhole SPECT. Annals of Nuclear Medicine, 21(9), 537-43.
Zeniya T, et al. Accelerated 3D-OSEM Image Reconstruction Using a Beowulf PC Cluster for Pinhole SPECT. Ann Nucl Med. 2007;21(9):537-43. PubMed PMID: 18030588.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Accelerated 3D-OSEM image reconstruction using a Beowulf PC cluster for pinhole SPECT. AU - Zeniya,Tsutomu, AU - Watabe,Hiroshi, AU - Sohlberg,Antti, AU - Iida,Hidehiro, Y1 - 2007/11/26/ PY - 2007/05/18/received PY - 2007/08/06/accepted PY - 2007/11/22/pubmed PY - 2008/1/17/medline PY - 2007/11/22/entrez SP - 537 EP - 43 JF - Annals of nuclear medicine JO - Ann Nucl Med VL - 21 IS - 9 N2 - OBJECTIVE: A conventional pinhole single-photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) with a single circular orbit has limitations associated with non-uniform spatial resolution or axial blurring. Recently, we demonstrated that three-dimensional (3D) images with uniform spatial resolution and no blurring can be obtained by complete data acquired using two-circular orbit, combined with the 3D ordered subsets expectation maximization (OSEM) reconstruction method. However, a long computation time is required to obtain the reconstruction image, because of the fact that 3D-OSEM is an iterative method and two-orbit acquisition doubles the size of the projection data. To reduce the long reconstruction time, we parallelized the two-orbit pinhole 3D-OSEM reconstruction process by using a Beowulf personal computer (PC) cluster. METHODS: The Beowulf PC cluster consists of seven PCs connected to Gbit Ethernet switches. Message passing interface protocol was utilized for parallelizing the reconstruction process. The projection data in a subset are distributed to each PC. The partial image forward- and back-projected in each PC is transferred to all PCs. The current image estimate on each PC is updated after summing the partial images. The performance of parallelization on the PC cluster was evaluated using two independent projection data sets acquired by a pinhole SPECT system with two different circular orbits. RESULTS: Parallelization using the PC cluster improved the reconstruction time with increasing number of PCs. The reconstruction time of 54 min by the single PC was decreased to 10 min when six or seven PCs were used. The speed-up factor was 5.4. The reconstruction image by the PC cluster was virtually identical with that by the single PC. CONCLUSIONS: Parallelization of 3D-OSEM reconstruction for pinhole SPECT using the PC cluster can significantly reduce the computation time, whereas its implementation is simple and inexpensive. SN - 0914-7187 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/18030588/Accelerated_3D_OSEM_image_reconstruction_using_a_Beowulf_PC_cluster_for_pinhole_SPECT_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -