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Availability and bioaccessibility of metals in fine particles of some urban soils.
Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2008 Jul; 55(1):21-32.AE

Abstract

Metals in urban soils might be transferred to humans via ingestion, dermal contact, or breathing, especially to children due to the "hand to mouth" activity during outdoor activities in playground and recreational areas. This involuntary soil ingestion depends on soil adherence to skin; it is known that the adhesion process tends to exclude particles greater than 50 microm, so the fraction below this diameter would be the most dangerous for health. The aim of this work was to study the "availability", estimated by the EDTA extraction, and "oral bioaccessibility", estimated by the Simple Bioaccessibility Extraction Test (SBET), of several metals in urban soils of two European cities (Sevilla and Torino), as related to the soil particle size distribution. Torino and Sevilla showed different levels of metal contents, availability, and bioaccessibility. In Torino, the finer particles showed metal enrichment of Cu, Zn, and, to a lesser extent, Pb, whereas in Sevilla, all of the studied metals showed this enrichment compared to the whole soils. The whole soil cannot be used as a good general indicator of the bioaccessibility of metals in the finest fractions of the soil. Metal availability was higher in the clay fraction (<2 microm) than in other fractions or whole soils in both cities, and principal component analysis shows that availability is especially due to this fraction. In contrast, Cu and Pb bioaccessibility in the clay fraction seems to be slightly lower than, or comparable to, all of the other fractions and the whole soil. Bioaccessibility of Cr and Ni is clearly greater in the coarser fractions of Sevilla than those of Torino, despite the considerably greater total contents of both metals in the latter city. Adsorbed metal forms are assumed to be preferentially responsible for metals released by EDTA. A different origin is attributed to bioaccessible metal forms. Anthropic influence seems more important in determining metal availability and bioaccessibility in urban soils of both cities than the different geological or industrial characteristics.

Authors+Show Affiliations

Madrid F
Instituto de Recursos Naturales y Agrobiología de Sevilla (CSIC), Apartado 1052, Sevilla, 41080, Spain. fmadrid@irnase.csic.es
Biasioli M
No affiliation info available
Ajmone-Marsan F
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Chelating AgentsCitiesEdetic AcidEnvironmental MonitoringItalyMetals, HeavyParticle SizeSoil Pollutants

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

18058158

Citation

Madrid, F, et al. "Availability and Bioaccessibility of Metals in Fine Particles of some Urban Soils." Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, vol. 55, no. 1, 2008, pp. 21-32.
Madrid F, Biasioli M, Ajmone-Marsan F. Availability and bioaccessibility of metals in fine particles of some urban soils. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2008;55(1):21-32.
Madrid, F., Biasioli, M., & Ajmone-Marsan, F. (2008). Availability and bioaccessibility of metals in fine particles of some urban soils. Archives of Environmental Contamination and Toxicology, 55(1), 21-32.
Madrid F, Biasioli M, Ajmone-Marsan F. Availability and Bioaccessibility of Metals in Fine Particles of some Urban Soils. Arch Environ Contam Toxicol. 2008;55(1):21-32. PubMed PMID: 18058158.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Availability and bioaccessibility of metals in fine particles of some urban soils. AU - Madrid,F, AU - Biasioli,M, AU - Ajmone-Marsan,F, Y1 - 2007/12/05/ PY - 2007/07/27/received PY - 2007/11/05/accepted PY - 2007/12/7/pubmed PY - 2008/8/30/medline PY - 2007/12/7/entrez SP - 21 EP - 32 JF - Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology JO - Arch Environ Contam Toxicol VL - 55 IS - 1 N2 - Metals in urban soils might be transferred to humans via ingestion, dermal contact, or breathing, especially to children due to the "hand to mouth" activity during outdoor activities in playground and recreational areas. This involuntary soil ingestion depends on soil adherence to skin; it is known that the adhesion process tends to exclude particles greater than 50 microm, so the fraction below this diameter would be the most dangerous for health. The aim of this work was to study the "availability", estimated by the EDTA extraction, and "oral bioaccessibility", estimated by the Simple Bioaccessibility Extraction Test (SBET), of several metals in urban soils of two European cities (Sevilla and Torino), as related to the soil particle size distribution. Torino and Sevilla showed different levels of metal contents, availability, and bioaccessibility. In Torino, the finer particles showed metal enrichment of Cu, Zn, and, to a lesser extent, Pb, whereas in Sevilla, all of the studied metals showed this enrichment compared to the whole soils. The whole soil cannot be used as a good general indicator of the bioaccessibility of metals in the finest fractions of the soil. Metal availability was higher in the clay fraction (<2 microm) than in other fractions or whole soils in both cities, and principal component analysis shows that availability is especially due to this fraction. In contrast, Cu and Pb bioaccessibility in the clay fraction seems to be slightly lower than, or comparable to, all of the other fractions and the whole soil. Bioaccessibility of Cr and Ni is clearly greater in the coarser fractions of Sevilla than those of Torino, despite the considerably greater total contents of both metals in the latter city. Adsorbed metal forms are assumed to be preferentially responsible for metals released by EDTA. A different origin is attributed to bioaccessible metal forms. Anthropic influence seems more important in determining metal availability and bioaccessibility in urban soils of both cities than the different geological or industrial characteristics. SN - 1432-0703 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/18058158/Availability_and_bioaccessibility_of_metals_in_fine_particles_of_some_urban_soils_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -