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Effect of benzathine penicillin treatment on antibiotic susceptibility of viridans streptococci in oral flora of patients receiving secondary prophylaxis after rheumatic fever.
J Infect. 2008 Apr; 56(4):244-8.JI

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To assess the level of antibiotic resistance of viridans streptococci in the oral flora of children with a history of rheumatic fever, receiving long-term monthly intramuscular benzathine penicillin G prophylaxis.

PATIENTS AND METHODS

Oral swabs from patients receiving monthly penicillin G prophylaxis for rheumatic fever were cultured and tested for viridans streptococci. The E-test was used to test susceptibility to penicillin G, clindamycin, clarithromycin and rifampin. Findings were compared with samples from healthy children who had not been exposed to antibiotic treatment for at least 2 months.

RESULTS

Twenty-six patients and 20 control children were included in the study. Duration of intramuscular antibiotic treatment ranged from 5 months to 13.5 years. Sixty isolates of viridans streptococci species were obtained, with a similar distribution in the two groups. Intermediate resistance to penicillin (MIC 0.25-2 mg/L) was documented in 10 of the 32 isolates (31.2%) in the study group, and high resistance in none, compared to seven of 28 isolates (25%) with intermediate or high resistance in the control group (p=NS). All isolates in the study group and all but one in the control group were susceptible to clindamycin, and all isolates from both groups were susceptible to rifampin. One isolate (3.1%) in the study group and two (7.1%) in the control group were resistant to clarithromycin.

CONCLUSION

Monthly Intramuscular penicillin prophylaxis has no effect on the antibiotic susceptibility of viridans streptococci in oral flora in children with a history of rheumatic fever, receiving secondary prophylaxis after rheumatic fever, regardless of the duration of treatment.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Bilavsky E
Department of Pediatrics C, Schneider Children's Medical Center of Israel, Petah Tiqwa, Israel. yoji@netvision.net.il
Eliahou R
No affiliation info available
Keller N
No affiliation info available
Yarden-Bilavsky H
No affiliation info available
Harel L
No affiliation info available
Amir J
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAdultAnti-Bacterial AgentsAntibiotic ProphylaxisAntibiotics, AntitubercularChildClarithromycinClindamycinDrug Administration ScheduleDrug Resistance, BacterialFemaleHospitals, PediatricHumansIsraelMaleMicrobial Sensitivity TestsMouthPenicillin G BenzathineRheumatic FeverRifampinSecondary PreventionStreptococcal InfectionsViridans Streptococci

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

18295897

Citation

Bilavsky, Efraim, et al. "Effect of Benzathine Penicillin Treatment On Antibiotic Susceptibility of Viridans Streptococci in Oral Flora of Patients Receiving Secondary Prophylaxis After Rheumatic Fever." The Journal of Infection, vol. 56, no. 4, 2008, pp. 244-8.
Bilavsky E, Eliahou R, Keller N, et al. Effect of benzathine penicillin treatment on antibiotic susceptibility of viridans streptococci in oral flora of patients receiving secondary prophylaxis after rheumatic fever. J Infect. 2008;56(4):244-8.
Bilavsky, E., Eliahou, R., Keller, N., Yarden-Bilavsky, H., Harel, L., & Amir, J. (2008). Effect of benzathine penicillin treatment on antibiotic susceptibility of viridans streptococci in oral flora of patients receiving secondary prophylaxis after rheumatic fever. The Journal of Infection, 56(4), 244-8. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jinf.2008.01.006
Bilavsky E, et al. Effect of Benzathine Penicillin Treatment On Antibiotic Susceptibility of Viridans Streptococci in Oral Flora of Patients Receiving Secondary Prophylaxis After Rheumatic Fever. J Infect. 2008;56(4):244-8. PubMed PMID: 18295897.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Effect of benzathine penicillin treatment on antibiotic susceptibility of viridans streptococci in oral flora of patients receiving secondary prophylaxis after rheumatic fever. AU - Bilavsky,Efraim, AU - Eliahou,Ruth, AU - Keller,Nathan, AU - Yarden-Bilavsky,Havatzelet, AU - Harel,Liora, AU - Amir,Jacob, Y1 - 2008/03/04/ PY - 2007/12/10/received PY - 2008/01/07/revised PY - 2008/01/11/accepted PY - 2008/2/26/pubmed PY - 2008/7/17/medline PY - 2008/2/26/entrez SP - 244 EP - 8 JF - The Journal of infection JO - J Infect VL - 56 IS - 4 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To assess the level of antibiotic resistance of viridans streptococci in the oral flora of children with a history of rheumatic fever, receiving long-term monthly intramuscular benzathine penicillin G prophylaxis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Oral swabs from patients receiving monthly penicillin G prophylaxis for rheumatic fever were cultured and tested for viridans streptococci. The E-test was used to test susceptibility to penicillin G, clindamycin, clarithromycin and rifampin. Findings were compared with samples from healthy children who had not been exposed to antibiotic treatment for at least 2 months. RESULTS: Twenty-six patients and 20 control children were included in the study. Duration of intramuscular antibiotic treatment ranged from 5 months to 13.5 years. Sixty isolates of viridans streptococci species were obtained, with a similar distribution in the two groups. Intermediate resistance to penicillin (MIC 0.25-2 mg/L) was documented in 10 of the 32 isolates (31.2%) in the study group, and high resistance in none, compared to seven of 28 isolates (25%) with intermediate or high resistance in the control group (p=NS). All isolates in the study group and all but one in the control group were susceptible to clindamycin, and all isolates from both groups were susceptible to rifampin. One isolate (3.1%) in the study group and two (7.1%) in the control group were resistant to clarithromycin. CONCLUSION: Monthly Intramuscular penicillin prophylaxis has no effect on the antibiotic susceptibility of viridans streptococci in oral flora in children with a history of rheumatic fever, receiving secondary prophylaxis after rheumatic fever, regardless of the duration of treatment. SN - 1532-2742 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/18295897/Effect_of_benzathine_penicillin_treatment_on_antibiotic_susceptibility_of_viridans_streptococci_in_oral_flora_of_patients_receiving_secondary_prophylaxis_after_rheumatic_fever_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0163-4453(08)00022-4 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -