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In vitro alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzyme inhibitory effects of Andrographis paniculata extract and andrographolide.
Acta Biochim Pol. 2008; 55(2):391-8.AB

Abstract

There has been an enormous interest in the development of alternative medicines for type 2 diabetes, specifically screening for phytochemicals with the ability to delay or prevent glucose absorption. The goal of the present study was to provide in vitro evidence for potential inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes, followed by a confirmatory in vivo study on rats to generate a stronger biochemical rationale for further studies on the ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata and andrographolide. The extract showed appreciable alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(50)=17.2+/-0.15 mg/ml) and a weak alpha-amylase inhibitory activity (IC(50)=50.9+/-0.17 mg/ml). Andrographolide demonstrated a similar (IC(50)=11.0+/-0.28 mg/ml) alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitory activity (IC(50)=11.3+/-0.29 mg/ml). The positive in vitro enzyme inhibition tests paved way for confirmatory in vivo studies. The in vivo studies demonstrated that A. paniculata extract significantly (P<0.05) reduced peak blood glucose and area under curve in diabetic rats when challenged with oral administration of starch and sucrose. Further, andrographolide also caused a significant (P<0.05) reduction in peak blood glucose and area under the curve in diabetic rats. Hence alpha-glucosidase inhibition may possibly be one of the mechanisms for the A. paniculata extract to exert antidiabetic activity and indicates that AP extract can be considered as a potential candidate for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Subramanian R
Department of Pharmacology, School of Pharmacy, Universiti Sains Malaysia, Penang, Malaysia. rmohans02@yahoo.co.in
Asmawi MZ
No affiliation info available
Sadikun A
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AndrographisAnimalsBlood GlucoseDiabetes Mellitus, ExperimentalDiabetes Mellitus, Type 2DiterpenesDrug Evaluation, PreclinicalEnzyme InhibitorsFemaleGlucose Tolerance TestGlycoside Hydrolase InhibitorsHypoglycemic AgentsIn Vitro TechniquesPhytotherapyPlant ExtractsRatsRats, Sprague-DawleyStarchalpha-Amylases

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

18511986

Citation

Subramanian, Rammohan, et al. "In Vitro Alpha-glucosidase and Alpha-amylase Enzyme Inhibitory Effects of Andrographis Paniculata Extract and Andrographolide." Acta Biochimica Polonica, vol. 55, no. 2, 2008, pp. 391-8.
Subramanian R, Asmawi MZ, Sadikun A. In vitro alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzyme inhibitory effects of Andrographis paniculata extract and andrographolide. Acta Biochim Pol. 2008;55(2):391-8.
Subramanian, R., Asmawi, M. Z., & Sadikun, A. (2008). In vitro alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzyme inhibitory effects of Andrographis paniculata extract and andrographolide. Acta Biochimica Polonica, 55(2), 391-8.
Subramanian R, Asmawi MZ, Sadikun A. In Vitro Alpha-glucosidase and Alpha-amylase Enzyme Inhibitory Effects of Andrographis Paniculata Extract and Andrographolide. Acta Biochim Pol. 2008;55(2):391-8. PubMed PMID: 18511986.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - In vitro alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzyme inhibitory effects of Andrographis paniculata extract and andrographolide. AU - Subramanian,Rammohan, AU - Asmawi,M Zaini, AU - Sadikun,Amirin, Y1 - 2008/05/29/ PY - 2007/11/05/received PY - 2008/04/03/revised PY - 2008/04/29/accepted PY - 2008/5/31/pubmed PY - 2008/10/1/medline PY - 2008/5/31/entrez SP - 391 EP - 8 JF - Acta biochimica Polonica JO - Acta Biochim Pol VL - 55 IS - 2 N2 - There has been an enormous interest in the development of alternative medicines for type 2 diabetes, specifically screening for phytochemicals with the ability to delay or prevent glucose absorption. The goal of the present study was to provide in vitro evidence for potential inhibition of alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase enzymes, followed by a confirmatory in vivo study on rats to generate a stronger biochemical rationale for further studies on the ethanolic extract of Andrographis paniculata and andrographolide. The extract showed appreciable alpha-glucosidase inhibitory effect in a concentration-dependent manner (IC(50)=17.2+/-0.15 mg/ml) and a weak alpha-amylase inhibitory activity (IC(50)=50.9+/-0.17 mg/ml). Andrographolide demonstrated a similar (IC(50)=11.0+/-0.28 mg/ml) alpha-glucosidase and alpha-amylase inhibitory activity (IC(50)=11.3+/-0.29 mg/ml). The positive in vitro enzyme inhibition tests paved way for confirmatory in vivo studies. The in vivo studies demonstrated that A. paniculata extract significantly (P<0.05) reduced peak blood glucose and area under curve in diabetic rats when challenged with oral administration of starch and sucrose. Further, andrographolide also caused a significant (P<0.05) reduction in peak blood glucose and area under the curve in diabetic rats. Hence alpha-glucosidase inhibition may possibly be one of the mechanisms for the A. paniculata extract to exert antidiabetic activity and indicates that AP extract can be considered as a potential candidate for the management of type 2 diabetes mellitus. SN - 0001-527X UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/18511986/In_vitro_alpha_glucosidase_and_alpha_amylase_enzyme_inhibitory_effects_of_Andrographis_paniculata_extract_and_andrographolide_ L2 - http://www.actabp.pl/pdf/2_2008/391.pdf DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -