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Body mass index, waist circumference, and chronic disease risk factors in Australian adolescents.
Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008 Jun; 162(6):566-73.AP

Abstract

OBJECTIVE

To determine the association between measures of adiposity (body mass index and waist circumference) and risk factors for heart disease, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, and the clustering of risk factors in middle adolescence.

DESIGN

Cross-sectional study.

SETTING

Secondary schools in Sydney.

PARTICIPANTS

Grade 10 students (N = 496; 58.4% boys; mean [SD] age, 15.4 [0.4] years).

MAIN EXPOSURES

Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and fasting blood samples.

OUTCOME MEASURES

Participants were categorized as overweight or obese using the International Obesity Task Force cut points and the UK waist circumference cut points. Blood was analyzed for high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, glucose, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, and the results were categorized as normal or abnormal according to published guidelines where possible. Associations between overweight and obesity and risk factors were explored using logistic regression. Clustering of risk factors within individuals was also explored.

RESULTS

Insulin (P < .001), alanine aminotransferase (P < .001), gamma-glutamyltransferase (P = .005), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P < .001), and blood pressure (P < .001) were significantly associated with overweight and obesity in adolescent boys. In adolescent girls, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .001), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P < .001) were significantly associated with overweight and obesity. Obese adolescent boys and girls were significantly more likely to have 2 or more risk factors (boys: 73.5% vs 7.6%; girls: 44.4% vs 5.4%; P < .001 for both) than nonoverweight adolescents.

CONCLUSIONS

Overweight and obese adolescents, especially boys, are at substantial risk for chronic conditions. Waist circumference is not a better predictor of metabolic risk factors than is body mass index.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Denney-Wilson E
NSW Centre for Overweight and Obesity, Level 2, Medical Foundation Bldg K25, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia 2006. Elizabethd@lockstep.com.au
Hardy LL
No affiliation info available
Dobbins T
No affiliation info available
Okely AD
No affiliation info available
Baur LA
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdolescentAge FactorsAustraliaBiomarkersBlood PressureBody HeightBody Mass IndexBody WeightChronic DiseaseCross-Sectional StudiesFemaleHumansInsulinMaleNutrition SurveysObesityOverweightRisk FactorsWaist-Hip Ratio

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

18524748

Citation

Denney-Wilson, Elizabeth, et al. "Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Chronic Disease Risk Factors in Australian Adolescents." Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, vol. 162, no. 6, 2008, pp. 566-73.
Denney-Wilson E, Hardy LL, Dobbins T, et al. Body mass index, waist circumference, and chronic disease risk factors in Australian adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162(6):566-73.
Denney-Wilson, E., Hardy, L. L., Dobbins, T., Okely, A. D., & Baur, L. A. (2008). Body mass index, waist circumference, and chronic disease risk factors in Australian adolescents. Archives of Pediatrics & Adolescent Medicine, 162(6), 566-73. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.162.6.566
Denney-Wilson E, et al. Body Mass Index, Waist Circumference, and Chronic Disease Risk Factors in Australian Adolescents. Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med. 2008;162(6):566-73. PubMed PMID: 18524748.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Body mass index, waist circumference, and chronic disease risk factors in Australian adolescents. AU - Denney-Wilson,Elizabeth, AU - Hardy,Louise L, AU - Dobbins,Timothy, AU - Okely,Anthony D, AU - Baur,Louise A, PY - 2008/6/6/pubmed PY - 2008/7/4/medline PY - 2008/6/6/entrez SP - 566 EP - 73 JF - Archives of pediatrics & adolescent medicine JO - Arch Pediatr Adolesc Med VL - 162 IS - 6 N2 - OBJECTIVE: To determine the association between measures of adiposity (body mass index and waist circumference) and risk factors for heart disease, type 2 diabetes, fatty liver disease, and the clustering of risk factors in middle adolescence. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: Secondary schools in Sydney. PARTICIPANTS: Grade 10 students (N = 496; 58.4% boys; mean [SD] age, 15.4 [0.4] years). MAIN EXPOSURES: Height, weight, waist circumference, blood pressure, and fasting blood samples. OUTCOME MEASURES: Participants were categorized as overweight or obese using the International Obesity Task Force cut points and the UK waist circumference cut points. Blood was analyzed for high- and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, insulin, glucose, alanine aminotransferase, gamma-glutamyltransferase, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein levels, and the results were categorized as normal or abnormal according to published guidelines where possible. Associations between overweight and obesity and risk factors were explored using logistic regression. Clustering of risk factors within individuals was also explored. RESULTS: Insulin (P < .001), alanine aminotransferase (P < .001), gamma-glutamyltransferase (P = .005), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .001), high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P < .001), and blood pressure (P < .001) were significantly associated with overweight and obesity in adolescent boys. In adolescent girls, insulin, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (P < .001), and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (P < .001) were significantly associated with overweight and obesity. Obese adolescent boys and girls were significantly more likely to have 2 or more risk factors (boys: 73.5% vs 7.6%; girls: 44.4% vs 5.4%; P < .001 for both) than nonoverweight adolescents. CONCLUSIONS: Overweight and obese adolescents, especially boys, are at substantial risk for chronic conditions. Waist circumference is not a better predictor of metabolic risk factors than is body mass index. SN - 1538-3628 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/18524748/Body_mass_index_waist_circumference_and_chronic_disease_risk_factors_in_Australian_adolescents_ L2 - https://jamanetwork.com/journals/jamapediatrics/fullarticle/10.1001/archpedi.162.6.566 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -