Abstract
Oral contraceptives have caused little or no overall increase in risk of breast cancer in women in developed countries, even in long-term users or after more than two decades since initial exposure. Limited evidence suggests a possible small increase in risk in users of oral contraceptives in developing countries, and further studies of breast cancer and oral contraceptives in low risk populations are warranted. Oral contraceptives may enhance risk of breast cancer in young women with a history of benign breast disease, and this possibility should also be investigated further. Multiple investigations have fairly consistently shown risk of breast cancer in women under age 45 years to be increased slightly in long-term users of oral contraceptives. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the mechanism of this apparent phenomenon.
TY - JOUR
T1 - Oral contraceptives and breast cancer: review of the epidemiologic literature.
A1 - Thomas,D B,
PY - 1991/6/1/pubmed
PY - 1991/6/1/medline
PY - 1991/6/1/entrez
KW - Age Factors
KW - Bias
KW - Breast Cancer
KW - Cancer
KW - Case Control Studies
KW - Cohort Analysis
KW - Contraception
KW - Contraceptive Agents
KW - Contraceptive Agents, Female
KW - Contraceptive Agents, Progestin
KW - Contraceptive Methods
KW - Critique
KW - Data Aggregation
KW - Demographic Factors
KW - Developed Countries
KW - Developing Countries
KW - Diseases
KW - Error Sources
KW - Evaluation
KW - Family Planning
KW - Fertility
KW - Fertility Measurements
KW - Literature Review
KW - Measurement
KW - Medroxyprogesterone Acetate
KW - Menopause
KW - Neoplasms
KW - Neoplasms, Benign
KW - Nulliparity
KW - Oral Contraceptives
KW - Parity
KW - Population
KW - Population At Risk
KW - Population Characteristics
KW - Population Dynamics
KW - Reproduction
KW - Research Methodology
KW - Risk Assessment
KW - Sampling Errors
KW - Studies
SP - 597
EP - 642
JF - Contraception
JO - Contraception
VL - 43
IS - 6
N2 - Oral contraceptives have caused little or no overall increase in risk of breast cancer in women in developed countries, even in long-term users or after more than two decades since initial exposure. Limited evidence suggests a possible small increase in risk in users of oral contraceptives in developing countries, and further studies of breast cancer and oral contraceptives in low risk populations are warranted. Oral contraceptives may enhance risk of breast cancer in young women with a history of benign breast disease, and this possibility should also be investigated further. Multiple investigations have fairly consistently shown risk of breast cancer in women under age 45 years to be increased slightly in long-term users of oral contraceptives. Further studies should be conducted to elucidate the mechanism of this apparent phenomenon.
SN - 0010-7824
UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/1868735/Oral_contraceptives_and_breast_cancer:_review_of_the_epidemiologic_literature_
L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/0010-7824(91)90006-2
DB - PRIME
DP - Unbound Medicine
ER -