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Residual viraemia in HIV-1-infected patients with plasma viral load <or=20 copies/ml is associated with increased blood levels of soluble immune activation markers.
Scand J Immunol. 2008 Dec; 68(6):652-60.SJ

Abstract

Despite undetectable viral load in conventional assays, probably all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infected patients have residual viraemia (RV) detectable by ultra-sensitive assays. To study this issue, this study investigated virologic and immunologic consequences of RV in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated HIV-1-infected patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA <or=20 copies/ml. The study included 32 HAART-treated HIV-1-infected patients with HIV-1 RNA <or=20 copies/ml followed prospectively 6-monthly for 24 months. RV was detected by transcription-mediated amplification (TMA-RV) technique (Procleix HIV-1 Discriminatory Assay; Chiron) and by PCR (PCR-RV, Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor Assay; Roche Diagnostics). The association between RV and proviral-HIV-1-DNA, CD4-count, CD8-count, soluble [soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFr)-II, beta(2)-microglobulin, immunoglobulins] and cellular (HLA-DR, CD38, CD45RO, CD45RA, CD62L) T-cell markers of immune activation was investigated. In the 24-months study-period, 23 patients had >or=1 episode with TMA-RV whereas 9 patients had undetectable TMA-RV throughout the study-period. Time-points with TMA-RV and PCR-RV were associated with higher circulating sTNFrII (+0.234 ng/ml, P = 0.030) and beta(2)-microglobulin (+22 nmol/l, P = 0.016) and time-points with PCR-RV were also associated with higher IgA (+0.82 micromol/l, P = 0.035) and CD8-count (+1.18-fold, P = 0.001). Patients with TMA-RV in the study-period had higher HIV-1 RNA pre-HAART (P = 0.032). RV was not associated with proviral-HIV-1-DNA, CD4-count, CD4+HLA-DR+, CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+, CD4+CD45RA-CD45RO+, CD8+CD45RA-CD45RO+, CD4+CD45RA+CD62L+, CD8+CD45RA+CD62L+ T cells, IgG or IgM. In conclusion, RV was associated with increased blood levels of soluble immune activation markers in HAART-treated HIV-1-infected patients. The finding that RV was associated with higher pre-HAART plasma viral load suggests that RV is linked to pre-HAART disease progression.

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Publisher Full Text (DOI)

Authors+Show Affiliations

Ostrowski SR
Department of Clinical Immunology, Rigshospitalet, Copenhagen, Denmark. sro@dadlnet.dk
Katzenstein TL
No affiliation info available
Pedersen BK
No affiliation info available
Gerstoft J
No affiliation info available
Ullum H
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AdultAgedAnti-HIV AgentsAntiretroviral Therapy, Highly ActiveCD4 Lymphocyte CountDisease ProgressionFemaleFlow CytometryHIV InfectionsHIV-1HumansImmunoglobulinsMaleMiddle AgedModels, StatisticalProspective StudiesRNA, ViralReceptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor, Type IIReverse Transcriptase Polymerase Chain ReactionViral LoadViremiabeta 2-Microglobulin

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

19055701

Citation

Ostrowski, S R., et al. "Residual Viraemia in HIV-1-infected Patients With Plasma Viral Load <or=20 Copies/ml Is Associated With Increased Blood Levels of Soluble Immune Activation Markers." Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, vol. 68, no. 6, 2008, pp. 652-60.
Ostrowski SR, Katzenstein TL, Pedersen BK, et al. Residual viraemia in HIV-1-infected patients with plasma viral load <or=20 copies/ml is associated with increased blood levels of soluble immune activation markers. Scand J Immunol. 2008;68(6):652-60.
Ostrowski, S. R., Katzenstein, T. L., Pedersen, B. K., Gerstoft, J., & Ullum, H. (2008). Residual viraemia in HIV-1-infected patients with plasma viral load <or=20 copies/ml is associated with increased blood levels of soluble immune activation markers. Scandinavian Journal of Immunology, 68(6), 652-60. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-3083.2008.02184.x
Ostrowski SR, et al. Residual Viraemia in HIV-1-infected Patients With Plasma Viral Load <or=20 Copies/ml Is Associated With Increased Blood Levels of Soluble Immune Activation Markers. Scand J Immunol. 2008;68(6):652-60. PubMed PMID: 19055701.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Residual viraemia in HIV-1-infected patients with plasma viral load <or=20 copies/ml is associated with increased blood levels of soluble immune activation markers. AU - Ostrowski,S R, AU - Katzenstein,T L, AU - Pedersen,B K, AU - Gerstoft,J, AU - Ullum,H, PY - 2008/12/6/pubmed PY - 2008/12/25/medline PY - 2008/12/6/entrez SP - 652 EP - 60 JF - Scandinavian journal of immunology JO - Scand J Immunol VL - 68 IS - 6 N2 - Despite undetectable viral load in conventional assays, probably all human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)-1 infected patients have residual viraemia (RV) detectable by ultra-sensitive assays. To study this issue, this study investigated virologic and immunologic consequences of RV in highly active antiretroviral therapy (HAART)-treated HIV-1-infected patients with plasma HIV-1 RNA <or=20 copies/ml. The study included 32 HAART-treated HIV-1-infected patients with HIV-1 RNA <or=20 copies/ml followed prospectively 6-monthly for 24 months. RV was detected by transcription-mediated amplification (TMA-RV) technique (Procleix HIV-1 Discriminatory Assay; Chiron) and by PCR (PCR-RV, Amplicor HIV-1 Monitor Assay; Roche Diagnostics). The association between RV and proviral-HIV-1-DNA, CD4-count, CD8-count, soluble [soluble tumour necrosis factor receptor (TNFr)-II, beta(2)-microglobulin, immunoglobulins] and cellular (HLA-DR, CD38, CD45RO, CD45RA, CD62L) T-cell markers of immune activation was investigated. In the 24-months study-period, 23 patients had >or=1 episode with TMA-RV whereas 9 patients had undetectable TMA-RV throughout the study-period. Time-points with TMA-RV and PCR-RV were associated with higher circulating sTNFrII (+0.234 ng/ml, P = 0.030) and beta(2)-microglobulin (+22 nmol/l, P = 0.016) and time-points with PCR-RV were also associated with higher IgA (+0.82 micromol/l, P = 0.035) and CD8-count (+1.18-fold, P = 0.001). Patients with TMA-RV in the study-period had higher HIV-1 RNA pre-HAART (P = 0.032). RV was not associated with proviral-HIV-1-DNA, CD4-count, CD4+HLA-DR+, CD8+HLA-DR+CD38+, CD4+CD45RA-CD45RO+, CD8+CD45RA-CD45RO+, CD4+CD45RA+CD62L+, CD8+CD45RA+CD62L+ T cells, IgG or IgM. In conclusion, RV was associated with increased blood levels of soluble immune activation markers in HAART-treated HIV-1-infected patients. The finding that RV was associated with higher pre-HAART plasma viral load suggests that RV is linked to pre-HAART disease progression. SN - 1365-3083 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/19055701/Residual_viraemia_in_HIV_1_infected_patients_with_plasma_viral_load_<or=20_copies/ml_is_associated_with_increased_blood_levels_of_soluble_immune_activation_markers_ DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -