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Differential requirements for myogenic regulatory factors distinguish medial and lateral somitic, cranial and fin muscle fibre populations.
Development. 2009 Feb; 136(3):403-14.D

Abstract

Myogenic regulatory factors of the Myod family (MRFs) are transcription factors essential for mammalian skeletal myogenesis. However, the roles of each gene in myogenesis remain unclear, owing partly to genetic linkage at the Myf5/Mrf4 locus and to rapid morphogenetic movements in the amniote somite. In mice, Myf5 is essential for the earliest epaxial myogenesis, whereas Myod is required for timely differentiation of hypaxially derived muscle. A second major subdivision of the somite is between primaxial muscle of the somite proper and abaxial somite-derived migratory muscle precursors. Here, we use a combination of mutant and morphant analysis to ablate the function of each of the four conserved MRF genes in zebrafish, an organism that has retained a more ancestral bodyplan. We show that a fundamental distinction in somite myogenesis is into medial versus lateral compartments, which correspond to neither epaxial/hypaxial nor primaxial/abaxial subdivisions. In the medial compartment, Myf5 and/or Myod drive adaxial slow fibre and medial fast fibre differentiation. Myod-driven Myogenin activity alone is sufficient for lateral fast somitic and pectoral fin fibre formation from the lateral compartment, as well as for cranial myogenesis. Myogenin activity is a significant contributor to fast fibre differentiation. Mrf4 does not contribute to early myogenesis in zebrafish. We suggest that the differential use of duplicated MRF paralogues in this novel two-component myogenic system facilitated the diversification of vertebrates.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Hinits Y
Randall Division for Cell and Molecular Biophysics and MRC Centre for Developmental Neurobiology, New Hunt's House, Guy's Campus, King's College London, SE1 1UL, UK.
Osborn DP
No affiliation info available
Hughes SM
No affiliation info available

MeSH

AnimalsAnimals, Genetically ModifiedBody PatterningExtremitiesHedgehog ProteinsLarvaMuscle DevelopmentMuscle Fibers, SkeletalMutationMyoD ProteinMyogenic Regulatory Factor 5Myogenic Regulatory FactorsMyogeninOrgan SpecificitySomitesZebrafishZebrafish Proteins

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

Language

eng

PubMed ID

19141670

Citation

Hinits, Yaniv, et al. "Differential Requirements for Myogenic Regulatory Factors Distinguish Medial and Lateral Somitic, Cranial and Fin Muscle Fibre Populations." Development (Cambridge, England), vol. 136, no. 3, 2009, pp. 403-14.
Hinits Y, Osborn DP, Hughes SM. Differential requirements for myogenic regulatory factors distinguish medial and lateral somitic, cranial and fin muscle fibre populations. Development. 2009;136(3):403-14.
Hinits, Y., Osborn, D. P., & Hughes, S. M. (2009). Differential requirements for myogenic regulatory factors distinguish medial and lateral somitic, cranial and fin muscle fibre populations. Development (Cambridge, England), 136(3), 403-14. https://doi.org/10.1242/dev.028019
Hinits Y, Osborn DP, Hughes SM. Differential Requirements for Myogenic Regulatory Factors Distinguish Medial and Lateral Somitic, Cranial and Fin Muscle Fibre Populations. Development. 2009;136(3):403-14. PubMed PMID: 19141670.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Differential requirements for myogenic regulatory factors distinguish medial and lateral somitic, cranial and fin muscle fibre populations. AU - Hinits,Yaniv, AU - Osborn,Daniel P S, AU - Hughes,Simon M, PY - 2009/1/15/entrez PY - 2009/1/15/pubmed PY - 2009/5/12/medline SP - 403 EP - 14 JF - Development (Cambridge, England) JO - Development VL - 136 IS - 3 N2 - Myogenic regulatory factors of the Myod family (MRFs) are transcription factors essential for mammalian skeletal myogenesis. However, the roles of each gene in myogenesis remain unclear, owing partly to genetic linkage at the Myf5/Mrf4 locus and to rapid morphogenetic movements in the amniote somite. In mice, Myf5 is essential for the earliest epaxial myogenesis, whereas Myod is required for timely differentiation of hypaxially derived muscle. A second major subdivision of the somite is between primaxial muscle of the somite proper and abaxial somite-derived migratory muscle precursors. Here, we use a combination of mutant and morphant analysis to ablate the function of each of the four conserved MRF genes in zebrafish, an organism that has retained a more ancestral bodyplan. We show that a fundamental distinction in somite myogenesis is into medial versus lateral compartments, which correspond to neither epaxial/hypaxial nor primaxial/abaxial subdivisions. In the medial compartment, Myf5 and/or Myod drive adaxial slow fibre and medial fast fibre differentiation. Myod-driven Myogenin activity alone is sufficient for lateral fast somitic and pectoral fin fibre formation from the lateral compartment, as well as for cranial myogenesis. Myogenin activity is a significant contributor to fast fibre differentiation. Mrf4 does not contribute to early myogenesis in zebrafish. We suggest that the differential use of duplicated MRF paralogues in this novel two-component myogenic system facilitated the diversification of vertebrates. SN - 0950-1991 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/19141670/Differential_requirements_for_myogenic_regulatory_factors_distinguish_medial_and_lateral_somitic_cranial_and_fin_muscle_fibre_populations_ L2 - https://journals.biologists.com/dev/article-lookup/doi/10.1242/dev.028019 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -