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An account of cloned genes of Methyl-erythritol-4-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2009; 11 Suppl 1:i35-45.CI

Abstract

Isoprenoids, also known as terpenoids, are biosynthesized by the condensation of the two C5 unit isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and isomer dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Generally, plants use two separate pathways plastidial Methyl-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) and cytosolic acetate-mevalonate (MVA) pathways for formation of IPP. The genes, enzymes and intermediates of the MEP pathway have been unravelled in plants over the past few years. Interestingly, MEP pathway enzymes are encoded by nuclear genes but they function in plastids to produce precursors for isoprenes, monoterpenes, carotenoids, abscisic acid, gibberellins, and the side chain of chlorophylls, tocopherols, phylloquinones, and plastoquinone. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a complete set of genes of MEP pathway homologous to the E. coli MEP pathway genes have been identified. Although, these genes have been cloned and characterized from several other plants but overall information about them at one place is not available so far. Though, a range of reviews are available about their roles in isoprenoid biosynthesis and regulation. Therefore, we decided to compile the data on cloned and characterized genes of MEP pathway in plants. Also, we summarize the results of the previously published reports, particularly those which were based on incorporation of 13C-glucose or by application of specific inhibitors such as mevinolin and fosmidomycin to look into the MEP pathway in plants. In addition, we searched for the two key enzymes DXS and HMGR that could be assigned for the acetate-MVA and MEP pathway with the help of bioinformatics tools. Presence or absence of these enzymes can be correlated with respective isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways in plants.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Ganjewala D
School of Biotechnology, Chemical and Biomedical Engineering, VIT University, Vellore-632 014 (T.N.), India. deepakganjawala73@yahoo.com
Kumar S
No affiliation info available
Luthra R
No affiliation info available

MeSH

ArabidopsisCarbon IsotopesCloning, MolecularErythritolEscherichia coliEscherichia coli ProteinsGenes, PlantGlucoseHemiterpenesMetabolic Networks and PathwaysOrganophosphorus CompoundsSugar PhosphatesTerpenes

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

19193963

Citation

Ganjewala, Deepak, et al. "An Account of Cloned Genes of Methyl-erythritol-4-phosphate Pathway of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Plants." Current Issues in Molecular Biology, vol. 11 Suppl 1, 2009, pp. i35-45.
Ganjewala D, Kumar S, Luthra R. An account of cloned genes of Methyl-erythritol-4-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2009;11 Suppl 1:i35-45.
Ganjewala, D., Kumar, S., & Luthra, R. (2009). An account of cloned genes of Methyl-erythritol-4-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants. Current Issues in Molecular Biology, 11 Suppl 1, i35-45.
Ganjewala D, Kumar S, Luthra R. An Account of Cloned Genes of Methyl-erythritol-4-phosphate Pathway of Isoprenoid Biosynthesis in Plants. Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2009;11 Suppl 1:i35-45. PubMed PMID: 19193963.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - An account of cloned genes of Methyl-erythritol-4-phosphate pathway of isoprenoid biosynthesis in plants. AU - Ganjewala,Deepak, AU - Kumar,Shiv, AU - Luthra,Rajesh, Y1 - 2009/02/02/ PY - 2008/08/08/received PY - 2008/09/19/revised PY - 2008/10/23/accepted PY - 2009/2/6/entrez PY - 2009/2/6/pubmed PY - 2009/7/31/medline SP - i35 EP - 45 JF - Current issues in molecular biology JO - Curr Issues Mol Biol VL - 11 Suppl 1 N2 - Isoprenoids, also known as terpenoids, are biosynthesized by the condensation of the two C5 unit isopentenyl diphosphate (IPP) and isomer dimethylallyl diphosphate (DMAPP). Generally, plants use two separate pathways plastidial Methyl-erythritol-4-phosphate (MEP) and cytosolic acetate-mevalonate (MVA) pathways for formation of IPP. The genes, enzymes and intermediates of the MEP pathway have been unravelled in plants over the past few years. Interestingly, MEP pathway enzymes are encoded by nuclear genes but they function in plastids to produce precursors for isoprenes, monoterpenes, carotenoids, abscisic acid, gibberellins, and the side chain of chlorophylls, tocopherols, phylloquinones, and plastoquinone. In Arabidopsis thaliana, a complete set of genes of MEP pathway homologous to the E. coli MEP pathway genes have been identified. Although, these genes have been cloned and characterized from several other plants but overall information about them at one place is not available so far. Though, a range of reviews are available about their roles in isoprenoid biosynthesis and regulation. Therefore, we decided to compile the data on cloned and characterized genes of MEP pathway in plants. Also, we summarize the results of the previously published reports, particularly those which were based on incorporation of 13C-glucose or by application of specific inhibitors such as mevinolin and fosmidomycin to look into the MEP pathway in plants. In addition, we searched for the two key enzymes DXS and HMGR that could be assigned for the acetate-MVA and MEP pathway with the help of bioinformatics tools. Presence or absence of these enzymes can be correlated with respective isoprenoid biosynthetic pathways in plants. SN - 1467-3037 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/19193963/An_account_of_cloned_genes_of_Methyl_erythritol_4_phosphate_pathway_of_isoprenoid_biosynthesis_in_plants_ L2 - https://www.mdpi.com/resolver?pii=cimb.011.i35 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -