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Fish consumption, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and risk of cognitive decline or Alzheimer disease: a complex association.
Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2009 Mar; 5(3):140-52.NC

Abstract

Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids could have neuroprotective properties against dementia, which is becoming a major global public health issue. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to establish the association between eating fish (a source of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids) or taking long-chain omega-3 fatty acid supplements and the risk of cognitive decline or Alzheimer disease (AD). We identified eleven observational studies and four clinical trials. All three observational studies that used cognitive decline as an outcome reported significant benefits, whereas only four of eight observational studies that used incidence of AD or dementia as an outcome reported positive findings. None of four small clinical trials provided convincing evidence for the use of this approach in the prevention or treatment of any form of dementia. In summary, the existing data favor a role for long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in slowing cognitive decline in elderly individuals without dementia, but not for the prevention or treatment of dementia (including AD). This apparent dichotomy might reflect differences in study designs with regard to participants, dosages, the ratio of long-chain omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids, or the choice of outcome measurements. Large clinical trials of extended duration should help to provide definitive answers.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Fotuhi M
Center for Memory and Brain Health, LifeBridge Health Brain & Spine Institute, Sinai Hospital of Baltimore, Baltimore, MD 21209, USA. mfotuhi@lifebridgehealth.org
Mohassel P
No affiliation info available
Yaffe K
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Alzheimer DiseaseAnimalsClinical Trials as TopicCognitionCognition DisordersDementiaDietDietary SupplementsFatty Acids, Omega-3FishesHumansNeuroprotective AgentsRisk Factors

Pub Type(s)

Journal Article
Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
Review
Systematic Review

Language

eng

PubMed ID

19262590

Citation

Fotuhi, Majid, et al. "Fish Consumption, Long-chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Risk of Cognitive Decline or Alzheimer Disease: a Complex Association." Nature Clinical Practice. Neurology, vol. 5, no. 3, 2009, pp. 140-52.
Fotuhi M, Mohassel P, Yaffe K. Fish consumption, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and risk of cognitive decline or Alzheimer disease: a complex association. Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2009;5(3):140-52.
Fotuhi, M., Mohassel, P., & Yaffe, K. (2009). Fish consumption, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and risk of cognitive decline or Alzheimer disease: a complex association. Nature Clinical Practice. Neurology, 5(3), 140-52. https://doi.org/10.1038/ncpneuro1044
Fotuhi M, Mohassel P, Yaffe K. Fish Consumption, Long-chain Omega-3 Fatty Acids and Risk of Cognitive Decline or Alzheimer Disease: a Complex Association. Nat Clin Pract Neurol. 2009;5(3):140-52. PubMed PMID: 19262590.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Fish consumption, long-chain omega-3 fatty acids and risk of cognitive decline or Alzheimer disease: a complex association. AU - Fotuhi,Majid, AU - Mohassel,Payam, AU - Yaffe,Kristine, PY - 2008/12/01/received PY - 2009/01/09/accepted PY - 2009/3/6/entrez PY - 2009/3/6/pubmed PY - 2009/5/14/medline SP - 140 EP - 52 JF - Nature clinical practice. Neurology JO - Nat Clin Pract Neurol VL - 5 IS - 3 N2 - Long-chain omega-3 fatty acids could have neuroprotective properties against dementia, which is becoming a major global public health issue. We conducted a systematic review of the literature to establish the association between eating fish (a source of long-chain omega-3 fatty acids) or taking long-chain omega-3 fatty acid supplements and the risk of cognitive decline or Alzheimer disease (AD). We identified eleven observational studies and four clinical trials. All three observational studies that used cognitive decline as an outcome reported significant benefits, whereas only four of eight observational studies that used incidence of AD or dementia as an outcome reported positive findings. None of four small clinical trials provided convincing evidence for the use of this approach in the prevention or treatment of any form of dementia. In summary, the existing data favor a role for long-chain omega-3 fatty acids in slowing cognitive decline in elderly individuals without dementia, but not for the prevention or treatment of dementia (including AD). This apparent dichotomy might reflect differences in study designs with regard to participants, dosages, the ratio of long-chain omega-3 to omega-6 fatty acids, or the choice of outcome measurements. Large clinical trials of extended duration should help to provide definitive answers. SN - 1745-8358 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/19262590/Fish_consumption_long_chain_omega_3_fatty_acids_and_risk_of_cognitive_decline_or_Alzheimer_disease:_a_complex_association_ L2 - http://ovidsp.ovid.com/ovidweb.cgi?T=JS&PAGE=linkout&SEARCH=19262590.ui DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -