TY - JOUR T1 - Inhibition of inducible NO synthase, cyclooxygenase-2 and interleukin-1beta by torilin is mediated by mitogen-activated protein kinases in microglial BV2 cells. AU - Choi,Y, AU - Lee,M K, AU - Lim,S Y, AU - Sung,S H, AU - Kim,Y C, PY - 2009/3/21/entrez PY - 2009/3/21/pubmed PY - 2009/7/21/medline SP - 933 EP - 40 JF - British journal of pharmacology JO - Br J Pharmacol VL - 156 IS - 6 N2 - BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Traditionally, the stem and root bark of Ulmus davidiana var. japonica (Ulmaceae) have been known to be anti-inflammatory in Korea. Anti-inflammatory effects of torilin, isolated from this plant and the underlying mechanisms were examined by using lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated microglial BV2 cells. EXPERIMENTAL APPROACH: The cells were treated with torilin prior to LPS exposure and the effects on pro-inflammatory enzymes, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), and a pro-inflammatory cytokine, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) were analysed by RT-PCR, Western blot or elisa. To reveal the mechanism of action of torilin we investigated the involvement of mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) cascades and their downstream transcription factors, nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB) and cyclic AMP-responsive element (CRE)-binding protein (CREB). KEY RESULTS: Torilin significantly reduced the LPS-induced expression of iNOS, COX-2 and IL-1beta, and the subsequent release of NO, prostaglandin E(2) and IL-1beta into culture medium. LPS stimulation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2) and p38 MAPK was inhibited by torilin. In addition, the inhibitory effect of torilin on NF-kappaB and CREB was shown by torilin-mediated recovery of LPS-induced degradation of inhibitor kappaB-alpha and suppression of LPS-induced phosphorylation of CREB respectively. CONCLUSION AND IMPLICATIONS: This study indicates that torilin inhibited LPS-induced iNOS, COX-2 and IL-1beta via down-regulation of ERK1/2, p38 MAPK, NF-kappaB and CREB and suggests that torilin has a potential as an anti-inflammatory drug candidate. SN - 1476-5381 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/19298258/Inhibition_of_inducible_NO_synthase_cyclooxygenase_2_and_interleukin_1beta_by_torilin_is_mediated_by_mitogen_activated_protein_kinases_in_microglial_BV2_cells_ L2 - https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1476-5381.2009.00022.x DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -