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Context and renewal of conditioned fear: an experimental evaluation using 20% carbon dioxide-enriched air as an unconditioned stimulus.
J Anxiety Disord. 2009 Aug; 23(6):737-45.JA

Abstract

This analogue experiment used fear conditioning and extinction procedures to establish and reduce fearful responding and then test for fear renewal following a context change. Healthy undergraduates (N=61) underwent a differential fear conditioning procedure using geometric shapes as conditioned stimuli (CS) and inhalations of 20% CO(2)-enriched air as an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US). Across phases (i.e., habituation, acquisition, extinction, and test), red and green ambient lighting served as contextual stimuli, and electrodermal and evaluative ratings were assessed as indices of conditioned fear. The control group underwent extinction and test phases under identical conditions (i.e., no context changes). The experimental groups either underwent acquisition and test phases in one context and the intervening extinction phase in a different context (A-B-A), or underwent acquisition and extinction phases in one context and the test phase in a novel context (A-A-B). Consistent with expectation, fear renewal was observed when the test context matched the acquisition context. This effect was modest for electrodermal responses, but reasonably robust for evaluative responses. The role of context in the subsequent renewal of fear following exposure-based treatment is discussed.

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Authors+Show Affiliations

Finlay CG
University at Albany, State University of New York, United States. carlos.finlay@va.gov
Forsyth JP
No affiliation info available

MeSH

Administration, InhalationAdultAerosolsAirCarbon DioxideConditioning, ClassicalExtinction, PsychologicalFearFemaleForm PerceptionGalvanic Skin ResponseHabituation, PsychophysiologicHumansImplosive TherapyMaleModels, PsychologicalPhysical Stimulation

Pub Type(s)

Comparative Study
Journal Article

Language

eng

PubMed ID

19342193

Citation

Finlay, Carlos G., and John P. Forsyth. "Context and Renewal of Conditioned Fear: an Experimental Evaluation Using 20% Carbon Dioxide-enriched Air as an Unconditioned Stimulus." Journal of Anxiety Disorders, vol. 23, no. 6, 2009, pp. 737-45.
Finlay CG, Forsyth JP. Context and renewal of conditioned fear: an experimental evaluation using 20% carbon dioxide-enriched air as an unconditioned stimulus. J Anxiety Disord. 2009;23(6):737-45.
Finlay, C. G., & Forsyth, J. P. (2009). Context and renewal of conditioned fear: an experimental evaluation using 20% carbon dioxide-enriched air as an unconditioned stimulus. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23(6), 737-45. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.janxdis.2009.02.014
Finlay CG, Forsyth JP. Context and Renewal of Conditioned Fear: an Experimental Evaluation Using 20% Carbon Dioxide-enriched Air as an Unconditioned Stimulus. J Anxiety Disord. 2009;23(6):737-45. PubMed PMID: 19342193.
* Article titles in AMA citation format should be in sentence-case
TY - JOUR T1 - Context and renewal of conditioned fear: an experimental evaluation using 20% carbon dioxide-enriched air as an unconditioned stimulus. AU - Finlay,Carlos G, AU - Forsyth,John P, Y1 - 2009/03/09/ PY - 2008/10/02/received PY - 2009/02/24/revised PY - 2009/02/26/accepted PY - 2009/4/4/entrez PY - 2009/4/4/pubmed PY - 2009/7/25/medline SP - 737 EP - 45 JF - Journal of anxiety disorders JO - J Anxiety Disord VL - 23 IS - 6 N2 - This analogue experiment used fear conditioning and extinction procedures to establish and reduce fearful responding and then test for fear renewal following a context change. Healthy undergraduates (N=61) underwent a differential fear conditioning procedure using geometric shapes as conditioned stimuli (CS) and inhalations of 20% CO(2)-enriched air as an aversive unconditioned stimulus (US). Across phases (i.e., habituation, acquisition, extinction, and test), red and green ambient lighting served as contextual stimuli, and electrodermal and evaluative ratings were assessed as indices of conditioned fear. The control group underwent extinction and test phases under identical conditions (i.e., no context changes). The experimental groups either underwent acquisition and test phases in one context and the intervening extinction phase in a different context (A-B-A), or underwent acquisition and extinction phases in one context and the test phase in a novel context (A-A-B). Consistent with expectation, fear renewal was observed when the test context matched the acquisition context. This effect was modest for electrodermal responses, but reasonably robust for evaluative responses. The role of context in the subsequent renewal of fear following exposure-based treatment is discussed. SN - 1873-7897 UR - https://www.unboundmedicine.com/medline/citation/19342193/Context_and_renewal_of_conditioned_fear:_an_experimental_evaluation_using_20_carbon_dioxide_enriched_air_as_an_unconditioned_stimulus_ L2 - https://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0887-6185(09)00059-0 DB - PRIME DP - Unbound Medicine ER -